Muraoka (written: 村岡 lit. "village hill") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Muraoka (born 1962), Japanese-American actor and theatre director Chris Muraoka, American politician , Japanese footballer Lenore Muraoka (born 1955), American golfer , Japanese sprinter , Japanese shakuhachi player , Japanese Hebraist , Japanese footballer , Japanese politician , Japanese politician