The Leonhard Schultze (Leonard Schultze) or Walio–Papi languages are a proposed family of about 6 Papuan languages spoken in the Sepik river basin of northern Papua New Guinea. They are spoken along the border region of East Sepik Province and Sandaun Province, just to the south of the Iwam languages.
The languages are named after the Leonhard Schultze River, which is in turn named after German anthropologist Leonhard Schultze-Jena.
Languages The Leonhard Schultze languages are:
Leonhard Schultze languages Walio languages Walio Pei Yawiyo Tuwari Papi–Asaba languages Papi Suarmin
Classification The Leonhard Schultze languages were traditionally classified by Laycock and Z'graggen (1975) as part of the Sepik language family.Laycock, D. C. and Z'graggen, John A. 1975. The Sepik-Ramu Phylum. In Wurm, S.A. (ed.), Papuan Languages and the New Guinea Linguistic Scene, New Guinea Area Languages and Language Study 1, 729-763. Australian National University.
Foley (2018) classifies the Leonhard Schultze languages separately as an independent language family rather than as part of the Sepik languages (as in previous classifications proposed by others). However, this classification is not accepted by Glottolog, which splits up the Walio and Papi branches and considers them each to be a primary language family.
Vocabulary comparison The following basic vocabulary words are from Conrad and Dye (1975),Conrad, R. and Dye, W. "Some Language Relationships in the Upper Sepik Region of Papua New Guinea". In Conrad, R., Dye, W., Thomson, N. and Bruce Jr., L. editors, Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 18. A-40:1-36. Pacific Linguistics, The Australian National University, 1975. as cited in the Trans-New Guinea database.
The words cited constitute translation equivalents, whether they are cognate (e.g. tiᵽo, tipafu for “head”) or not (e.g. aᵽayo, toefahewa for “skin”).
{| class="wikitable sortable" ! gloss !! Walio !! Yawiyo (Wosawari dialect) !! Papi |- ! head | tiᵽo || tipafu || auwiyu |- ! hair | tiřeʔ || yei || ařupisi |- ! ear | aᵽoᵽo || afe || mʌgʌnaba |- ! eye | nogub̶ʌnɛ || nimau || sunweyo |- ! nose | tʌᵽsɛᵽoʔ || tɩmʌsi || tʌnipɔku |- ! tooth | nʌᵽaᵽala || nʌfe || sʋmunu |- ! tongue | nʌgʌya || tanotai || sakeyo |- ! louse | natʌᵽi || dibafuyei || ařupɩsɩ |- ! dog | kauwaᵽo || ifau; ivau || agabu |- ! pig | taǏib̶o || ami ami || tʌmaub̶o |- ! bird | || auma || ɔb̶ɔ; ɔːsani |- ! egg | naᵽu || aumufu || usouyo |- ! blood | liʔ || teyuowa || taneke |- ! bone | ipalib̶o || ihuwa || naikʌmio |- ! skin | aᵽayo || toefahewa || pʌsiyæ |- ! breast | matʌᵽulo || mama || abiyaiɔ |- ! tree | biᵽoʔ || yanu || naːb̶ʌkʌ |- ! man | ɛlɛgobuwo || to; to iːwa || sanoᵽo |- ! woman | tɔkotʌb̶isia || sauto || suːbu |- ! water | ǥwei || utlauwe || ařukowa |- ! fire | linati || tanuwa; tiyami || řiku |- ! stone | ᵽuboʔ || tab̶iya || tab̶iyaio |- ! road, path | ʔɛᵽobu || efʌmowa || pʌbřiyaio |- ! eat | kanab̶o || afaʔunařu || opo akepo |- ! one | aǏia gʌǏaǏilau || ařʌsʌbau || sunuboku |- ! two | ǥuřaǥaʔ || ařʌfři || suwʌbiyaio
References