This is a list of wars that the Republic of Latvia has participated in throughout its history as a duchy (1561–1795) and as a modern-day republic (1918–1940; 1990–present-day)
This list doesn't include the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic since according to the theory of state continuity of the Baltic states, the republic of Latvia existed as a de jure sovereign state from 17 June 1940 to 4 May 1990 and was represented by the Latvian Diplomatic Service, which controlled limited state functions during its occupation. Latvia did not engage in warfare during this period.
*e.g. result unknown or indecisive/inconclusive, result of internal conflict inside Latvia, status quo ante bellum, or a treaty or peace without a clear result.
Duchy of Courland and Semigallia
16th century
Date Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Combatant 3 Result1563 Siege of Lode(part of the Estonian campaign) Duchy of Courland Sweden Courlander victory Swedish forces retreat 17th century
Date Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Combatant 3 Result1655–1660 Second Northern War Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Denmark–Norway (from 1657) Tsardom of Russia (1656–58) Crimean Khanate Brandenburg-Prussia (1655–56, 1657–60) Duchy of Courland (1656–58) Swedish Empire Brandenburg-Prussia (1656–57) Principality of Transylvania Cossack Hetmanate (1657)Hrushevsky (2003), pp. 327ff. Moldavia Susquehannock (1655) Swedish Lithuania (1655–57) Treaty of Oliva Denmark–Norway cedes Scania, Halland, Blekinge, Bohuslän and Ven to Sweden. Poland–Lithuania recognizes Swedish sovereignty in Livonia and Swedish ownership of Estonia and Ösel Poland–Lithuania grants the Duchy of Prussia sovereign status. Dutch Republic acquires New Sweden.1658 Invasion of Courland Duchy of Courland SwedenSwedish victory Sweden occupies Courland and Mitau Tobago occupied by the Dutch.
18th century
Date Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Combatant 3 Result1700–1721 Great Northern War Tsardom of Russia Cossack Hetmanate Kalmyk Khanate Saxony Duchy of Courland Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Sandomierz Confederation Denmark–Norway Prussia Hanover Great Britain Montenegro Holstein-Gottorp Warsaw Confederation Crimean Khanate Anti-Swedish coalition victory The Tsardom of Russia becomes the Russian Empire Decline of the Swedish Empire Decline of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Treaty of Nystad, Treaties of Stockholm, Treaty of Frederiksborg and Treaty of the Pruth1794 Curonian Uprising Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Russian Empire Duchy of Courland and Semigallia Russian victory
Republic of Latvia
20th century
Date Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Combatant 3 Result1918–1919 Soviet westward offensive of 1918–1919 Latvia White Movement Estonia Poland Belarus Ukraine Ober Ost Finnish, Danish, and Swedish volunteers Russian SFSR Latvian SSR Soviet Estonia Lithuanian-Byelorussian SSR Provisional Polish Revolutionary Committee Finnish Red Guards Soviet defeat in the Baltic states Start of the Polish-Soviet War1918–1920 Latvian War of Independence 1918 – April 1919
VI Reserve Corps
Latvian Independent Brigade Lieven detachment Eiserne Division Estonia Finnish volunteers North Latvian Brigade
April–July 1919
Estonia North Latvian Brigade Danish volunteers
July 1919–1920
Baltische Landeswehr
Estonia 1918 – April 1919
April–July 1919 VI Reserve Corps
(South) Latvian Independent Brigade Lieven detachment Eiserne Division
October–December 1919 West Russian Volunteer Army Freikorps Russian unitsApril–July 1919
July 1919–1920 Latvian victory Latvian–Soviet Peace Treaty West Russian Volunteer Army evacuate to East Prussia Independence of Latvia1919–1921 Polish–Soviet War (1920) (1920) (1920) Polrewkom Polish victory Peace of Riga Independence of Poland Ukraine and Belarus merged into Soviet Union1934 1934 Latvian coup d'état Pro-Ulmanis Groups Government of Latvia Latvian Farmers' Union Aizsargi Anti-Ulmanis Groups Saeima Latvian Social Democratic Workers' Party Pērkonkrusts Pro-Ulmanis victory Coup d'état successful1939–1945 World War IIOccupation of the Baltic states Republic of Latvia (1940) Soviet Union Latvian SSR Nazi Germany Reichskommissariat Ostland (1941–44) Nazi German defeat; Soviet victory Soviet occupation (1940) German occupation (1941) Soviet re-occupation (1944)1945–1956 Guerrilla war in the Baltic states Estonian partisans Latvian partisans Lithuanian partisans Soviet UnionSoviet victory Defeat of the partisans1991 The Barricades(part of the Singing Revolution) Latvia Soviet Union Victory Dissolution of Eventual independence of Latvia on 21 August 1991
21st century
Date Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Combatant 3 Result2001–2021 War on terror United States of America United Kingdom Poland Latvia(other allies) Al-Qaeda various allies Mixed results2012- Central African Republic Civil War Central African Armed Forces MINUSCA (since 2014)
Wagner Group (2013)MISCA (2013–2014) EUFOR RCA Latvia Coalition of Patriots for Change Anti-balaka
MPCOngoing
See also List of wars involving Estonia List of wars involving Lithuania List of wars involving Poland
Notes
References