143rd Division may refer to:
143rd Division "Firefox", Israel 143rd Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 143rd Division (People's Republic of China, first formation) 143rd Division (People's Republic of China, second formation) 143rd Division (People's Republic of China, third formation) 143rd Rifle Division, Soviet Union
See also List of military divisions by number 143rd Brigade (disambiguation) 143rd Regiment (disambiguation) 143rd Squadron (disambiguation) 143rd (disambiguation)