The following is a list of fictional astronauts from the era of Project Gemini and the Voskhod programme, during the early "Golden Age" of space travel.
Project Gemini era
Name(s)Appeared inProgram / Mission / SpacecraftFictional date Gemini (1964–1966)Dan Cooper, Capt. (RCAF)Nadia Kalinskaya, Lt. (Soviet Air Force)Jacques Souris, Lt. (French Air Force)Sonya Gombinski, Capt. (Polish Air Force)SOS dans l'espace, Trois Cosmonautes, Apollo appelle Soyouz and other Tintin magazine stories (1957–69), comicsGemini XIII and othersContemporaryComic book series by Albert Weinberg. Cooper, Souris and Kalinskaya all complete solo spaceflights in Trois Cosmonautes. Kalinskaya and Gombinski (Poland's first cosmonaut) make an all-female Soyuz flight in Apollo appelle Soyouz.Walter FrisbeeN/A (Early 1960s)GeminiContemporaryFictitious tenth member of NASA Astronaut Group 2 invented by Pete Conrad and Jim Lovell as a prank on reporters. Frisbee, son of a Romanian nobleman, spent his time undergoing secret training.James Holt (Pilot)William Swanberg (Electronician)"Third Stage" (1962), short storyUnited States:Aeolus rocketNear Future (after 1963)Astronauts on mission into Van Allen belt to test radiation screen are stranded in orbit. Three-stage Aeolus rocket is launched from Cape Canaveral.Mercury 7:Richard J. Pruett, Maj. (USAF)Gemini:Jim Dougherty (USAF)Vostok IX:Andrei Yakovlev, Col.Marooned (1964), novelMercury 7 (Mercury)Gemini (Gemini)Vostok IX (Vostok)July 1964NASA astronaut on 7th Mercury flight (MA-10) trapped in orbit due to no retrofire; boilerplate Gemini (GT-2) launched to rescue; Russian cosmonaut also rendezvous. Novel also mentions docking of Vostok VII and VIII and names GT-3 crew as Shepard and Masters.Paradowsky, Col.Borovin, Maj.FrancoCiccio002 Operazione Luna (1965), filmVoskhod?ContemporaryWhen cosmonauts Paradowsky and Borovin disappear in space, Italian criminals Franco and Ciccio, their doubles, are kidnapped and launched into space to cover up the mission's apparent failure.Henry Olsen (Pilot)"Una cuerda de nylon y oro" (aka "A Cord Made of Nylon and Gold") (1965), short storyGemini (Gemini 5?)August 1965 – Near FutureAstronaut deliberately cuts himself loose from Gemini spacecraft commanded by James McDivitt, then witnesses nuclear holocaust on Earth from orbit.IgorIvanGilligan's IslandNyet, Nyet, Not Yet (1965), TVVoskhod?ContemporaryCosmonauts who land on Gilligan's isle.NASA:Stardust I:Anthony Nelson, Capt./Maj. (USAF)Roger Healey, Capt./Maj.Leslie "Les" Wingate, Cmdr. (Command Pilot/LMP)Pete Conway, Lt. (USNR)Cortwright (no first name given)Rich Ross, Cmdr.Biff "Jetstream" Jellico, Maj. (USAF)USSR:Sonya Tiomkin, Maj.Posnovsky, Maj.Gregorian, Maj.I Dream of Jeannie (1965–70), TVStardust I, Gemini, Project Alpha, ApolloContemporaryCareer NASA astronauts. Nelson, Healey and Wingate orbit the Moon on Apollo 14 in the episode "Around the World in 80 Blinks" (1969) and are in quarantine after Moon mission in "The Solid Gold Jeannie" (1970). Other astronauts and cosmonauts appear in the episodes "The Lady in the Bottle" (1965), "Jeannie and the Marriage Caper" (1965), "Russian Roulette" (1965), "Tomorrow Is Not Another Day" (1968), "My Sister, the Home Wrecker" (1969) and "Never Put a Genie on a Budget" (1969).Frank DouglasMonster a Go-Go (a.k.a. Terror at Halfday) (1965), filmUnited States:Space Agency (two-man capsule)ContemporaryAstronaut Douglas is seemingly transformed into radioactive monster.Unnamed astronautThe AvengersMan-Eater of Surrey Green (1966), TVUnknown; one-man capsuleContemporaryBritish astronaut dies in orbit; capsule re-enters following collision with giant alien plant.Zeus IV:Glyn Williams, Col.Dan "Bluey" Schultz, Maj.Zeus V:Terry Cutler, Lt.Doctor WhoThe Tenth Planet (1966), TV (1976 novel)International Space Command (ISC):Zeus IVZeus VDecember 1986 (2000 in novel)On a routine atmospheric survey mission, the orbit of Zeus IV is disrupted by the gravitational pull of the planet Mondas as it passes close to Earth. Zeus V attempts a rescue.Mac MacKenzie, Capt.Hector "Hec" Canfield, Lt.It's About Time (1966–67), TVNASA:ScorpioContemporarySitcom about astronauts who travel back in time and meet caveman family.Gregory Schuster, Maj.Wayne Morris, Maj.Neil Danvers-Marshal, Prof.Skyprobe (1966), novelUnknown, Skyprobe IVNear futureAstronauts sent on a record-breaking, high Earth orbit mission.Jennings, Maj. (Pilot) (no first name given)Bob Wyart (Co-Pilot)"Under the Wide and Starry Sky..." (1966), short storyGemini, GT-9ContemporaryFictional Gemini IX crew who find themselves in serious trouble during the last hours of their two-week mission. Plot-line apparently based on the original Gemini IX flight plan.Scorpio 6:Sol Tobias (Command Pilot)Ryan (Pilot) (no first name given)Gilligan's IslandSplashdown (1967), TVScorpio 6Scorpio E-X-1ContemporaryNASA astronauts on mission to rendezvous with unmanned Scorpio E-X-1 capsule and transfer Tobias to it.Voskhod:Lev Alexandrovich BarkaganIgil PostovoiitNikolai LermontovGemini XIII:Rance Allenby, Col. (USAF) (Command Pilot)Gene Stanley (USN) (Pilot)No Man's World (1967), novelVoskhodGemini XIIILate 19641960sVoskhod cosmonauts' three-day mission in Earth orbit is followed by twenty-seven day stay in vacuum chamber simulating lunar surface. Barkagan was one of the second group of cosmonauts, chosen in 1961. Final Gemini mission (Agena rendezvous and docking, simulating Apollo CSM/LM docking) nearly ends in disaster after meteor strike. Allenby was one of a 16-man astronaut group chosen in 1964.Jupiter XVI:Chris (last name not given)Unnamed US astronautVoskhod (?):Two unnamed cosmonautsBird 1:Two unnamed Osato astronautsJupiter XVII:Two unnamed US astronautsYou Only Live Twice (1967), filmJupiter XVI (Gemini)Unnamed Soviet capsule (Voskhod?)Bird 1 (reusable capsule)Jupiter XVII (Gemini)ContemporaryPresumed NASA and Soviet Union crews captured by Osato Chemicals (SPECTRE) spacecraft. Bird 1 uses expendable booster for launch; capsule capable of vertical pin-point landing like DC-X. Chris killed at capture due to EVA. Cosmonauts captured next. Capture of Jupiter XVII and probable outbreak of World War III prevented by James Bond.Voskhod 3:Vladimir Kostrov, Maj.Andrei Subbotin, Maj.Aurora 1:Vladimir Kostrov, Maj.Sergei Nofikov, Capt.Zhenia Svetlova, Sen. Lt.Dawn 1:Andrei Gorolev, Capt.Cosmonauts on the Earth (Космонавты живут на Земле) (1968), Russian-language novelVoskhod 3 (Voskhod)Aurora 1 (Soyuz)Dawn 1 (Zond)ContemporarySemi-fictional work follows the lives and missions of nine cosmonauts recruited to fly the space missions which follow Vostok and Voskhod in period 1965–67. Seven ex-Soviet Air Force Pilots and two female champion skydivers train to fly on the next generation of Soviet rockets. "Aurora" and "Dawn" are analogous to Soyuz and Zond spacecraft of the real Soviet programme. Capt. Gorelov becomes the first man to fly around the Moon, while Sen. Lt. Svetlova replaces her close friend Marina Berzhenkova in the "Aurora" capsule at the last moment to become the first woman to make a spacewalk.Gemini:Stubby DolanMOL:Michael Stevens HarderGeorge OrmsbeeFour Came Back (1968), novelNASA:GeminiUnited States Air Force:Gemini-B/Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL)1960sLate 1970Dolan flew Agena rendezvous on late Gemini mission; Harder and Ormsbee flew first MOL mission. Harder previously flew X-15 into space.Bill StevensGemini XII-APrime Crew:Stephen Pitt, Lt. Cmdr. (USN)Robert "Roberto" Gauss, Dr.Backup crew:Lewis Hammill, Maj. (USAF)Daniel Golding, Capt. (USMC)Voskhod:Two unnamed cosmonautsDeath of a Cosmonaut (aka Autopsy for a Cosmonaut) (1969), novelGemini XII-AVoskhodSeptember 1966 – June 1967Crew of a Gemini mission which makes a clandestine rendezvous with a failed Voskhod to carry out an autopsy of the cosmonauts.Charles "Hickory" Lee, Maj. (US Army)Timothy BellHarry Jensen, Capt. (USAF)Edward Cater, Maj. (USAF)Gemini XIII:Randolph Claggett, Maj. (USMC) (Command Pilot)John Pope, Cmdr. (USN) (Pilot)Apollo 18:Randy Claggett (CDR)John Pope (CMP)Paul Linley (LMP)Space (1982), novel; James A. Michener's Space (1985), TVGemini XIIIApollo 18Altair (CSM)/Luna (LM)1960s – 1970sNASA astronauts in James Michener's fictionalized account of the early years of the space program and the TV miniseries made from it.Alexander Alexandrovich "Sasha" Oryolin, Col. (Pilot)Konstantine K. "Kostya" Strogolshikov, Col.Peter Nevsky and the True Story of the Russian Moon Landing (1993), novelVoskhod 21965First spacewalk mission, similar to the real Voskhod 2; cosmonauts survive crash landing in Ural Mountains.Marcus Aurelius Belt, Lt. Col.The X-FilesSpace (1993), TVGemini VIIINovember or December 1993 (flashback to c. 1966)Former NASA astronaut who is possessed by a creature from outer space.Gary "Gator" Augatreux (USAF) (Commander)Ty Yount, Maj. (USAF)Unnamed backupDark SkiesMercury Rising (1996), TVMidnight Wing:Gemini (prototype)SaturnOctober 21, 1962January 30 – February 2, 1964Astronauts on black ops missions for US military. Augatreux and Yount experience missing time while intercepting alien spacecraft on October 1962 mission launched into polar orbit from Vandenberg Air Force Base. February 1964 mission relays data from Ranger 6.Vladimir Pavlovich ViktorenkoUnnamed cosmonautVoyage (1996), novelVoskhod 31966 (Alternate History)First flight of alternate history cosmonaut Viktorenko, who later takes part in Moonlab/Soyuz mission.Carl Ackland, Maj. (Command Pilot)Adam Banton, Maj. (Pilot)Airlock, or How to Say Goodbye in Space (2007), short filmNASA:GeminiDecember 24, 1976Astronauts facing death in space.Voskhod 4:Fabiano Dmietrivich Damianov, Maj.Larissa Timofyevna Damianova, Capt.Voskhod 4 (2010), novellaVoskhod 4 (Voskhod)1965Cosmonauts launched on a 14-day Voskhod mission in 1965 are believed lost when their launch vehicle explodes high above Siberia.Dmitri SelonovichDoctor Who"Space Oddity" (2013), comic stripVostok 11 (Vostok)1965Cosmonaut killed by Vashta Nerada while making first human spacewalk on classified military mission.USSR:Vasily (no last name given)L3:Raisa ZaslavskayaUnnamed copilot (Soviet Air Force)Gemini 17:Malachi "Mal" Washington (USN)Vic Hemshaw (Copilot)"Gemini XVII" (2013), noveletteSoviet Union:L3 (launched with N1 booster)NASA:Gemini 17 (Advanced Gemini)c. December 1968 (Alternate History) / c. 1978 (Alternate History)After both of their copilots die, Washington and Zaslavskaya must work together to return to Earth from lunar orbit. Story set in alternate history in which the Bay of Pigs Invasion led US into war in Cuba, and John F. Kennedy survived 1963 assassination attempt. Gemini is inserted into translunar trajectory by Chiron booster (Agena mated to Centaur). Vasily was Zaslavskaya's husband; Hemshaw also flew on earlier Gemini mission. Washington later commands Moon mission to Mare Nectaris and is named chief test pilot for Space Shuttle to service Skylabs One through Six. Zaslavskaya becomes a colonel in the Israeli Air Force and joins shuttle project.Frank ConnerRocket Men (2013), short filmProject GeminiSigma (homemade rocket)ContemporaryRetired astronaut Conner builds homemade rocket with fired planetarium director. Conner was assigned to Gemini 11 but broke his arm and was replaced by Dick Gordon.Robert BraddockRocketship (2013), short filmProject Gemini1965 / ContemporaryAstronaut who was assigned as command pilot of Gemini 9, but never flew in space due to heart problem.Blue Gemini:Tim Agnew, Maj.Crew One:Andrew M. "Drew" Carson, Maj. (Command Pilot)Scott Ernst Ourecky, Maj. (Pilot)Crew Two:Tom "Big Head" Howard (Command Pilot)Pete "Squeaky" Riddle, Maj. (Pilot)Crew Three:Parch Jackson, Maj. (Command Pilot)Mike Sigler (Pilot)MOL:Jeff McKnight, Cmdr. (USN)Three unnamed astronauts (USN)First MOL mission:Chris Cowin, Cmdr. (USN) (Command Pilot)Edward Russo, Lt. Col. (USAF) (Pilot)Kochevnik:Vladimir Felixovich Gogol, Lt. Col. (operational nickname Kochevnik ["Nomad"]) (Commander)Pavel Dmi