Botrychium simplex, the little grapefern, is a species of fern in the family Ophioglossaceae that is native to North America and Greenland. It is a perennial.
Taxonomy Botrychium simplex was first described by Edward Hitchcock in 1823, based on material from Conway, Massachusetts.
Conservation It is listed as a special concern species in Connecticut and is believed extirpated."Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 18 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.) It is endangered in Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. It is listed as endangered and extirpated in Maryland, threatened in Iowa, exploitably vulnerable in New York, special concern in Rhode Island, and sensitive in Washington (state).
This species is extremely rare in most European countries. In Ukraine only one place is known.Parnikoza I., Celka Z. An Archive of the Ophiglossaceae in Ukraine
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