Barrau is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Aurélien Barrau (born 1973), French physicist and philosopher Caroline de Barrau (1828–1888), French educationalist, feminist, writer and philanthropist Enrique Barrau Salado (1912–1961), Spanish paramilitary commander and army officer Laureano Barrau (1863–1957), Spanish painter Mathieu Barrau (born 1977), French rugby union player Théophile Barrau (1848–1913), French sculptor Xavier Barrau (born 1982), French footballer
As a forename: Barrau de Sescas (fl. 1295–1304), Gascon knight and English admiral
See also Family of Barrau Monte Barraù, a mountain of Sicily Barrau, the native name of Berau Regency in the Berau language