Armenteros is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Alfredo "Chocolate" Armenteros (1928–2016), Cuban trumpeter Emiliano Armenteros (born 1986), Argentine footballer José Armenteros (born 1992), Cuban judoka Juan Armenteros (1928–2003), Cuban baseball player Lázaro Armenteros (born 1999), Cuban baseball player Rafael Armenteros (1922–2004), Spanish particle physicist Samuel Armenteros (born 1990), Swedish footballer