The 1933–34 Challenge Cup was the 34th staging of rugby league's oldest knockout competition, the Challenge Cup during the 1933–34 season.

First round Date Team one Score one Team two Score two10 FebBatley 11 Halifax 1210 FebBradford Northern 6 St Helens 3410 FebBramley 20 Dearham 1110 FebBroughton Rangers 3 Castleford 910 FebFeatherstone Rovers 4 Huddersfield 1910 FebHull FC 6 Rochdale Hornets 510 FebHull Kingston Rovers 18 Wigan Rangers 210 FebHull St Mary's 2 London 3210 FebKeighley 4 Warrington 410 FebLeigh 6 Hunslet 810 FebOldham 19 Dewsbury 210 FebPendlebury Jnrs 3 St Helens Recs 3210 FebSalford 15 Barrow 210 FebWakefield Trinity 7 Wigan 1410 FebWidnes 12 Leeds 310 FebYork 0 Swinton 014 FebSwinton 5 York 1514 FebWarrington 15 Keighley 9

Second round Date Team one Score one Team two Score two24 FebBramley 17 St Helens 1224 FebCastleford 4 Hunslet 424 FebHuddersfield 11 Hull FC 724 FebHull Kingston Rovers 0 Widnes 1024 FebLondon 19 Warrington 524 FebSt Helens Recs 7 Oldham 724 FebSalford 5 Halifax 924 FebWigan 7 York 1328 FebHunslet 23 Castleford 028 FebOldham 18 St Helens Recs 5

Quarterfinals Date Team one Score one Team two Score two10 MarHuddersfield 21 London 210 MarHunslet 2 York 010 MarOldham 8 Bramley 615 MarHalifax 3 Widnes 5

Semifinals Date Team one Score one Team two Score two24 MarWidnes 7Oldham 424 MarHunslet 12 Huddersfield 7

Final Hunslet defeated Widnes 11-5 in the final at Wembley before a crowd of 41,280.

This was Hunslet’s second Cup final win, the first being in 1907–08, in their third Cup final appearance.

1 Jack Walkington (c)2 George Dennis3 Cyril Morrell4 Ernest Winter5 George Broughton6 George Todd7 William S. Thornton8 Len Smith9 Leslie White10 Mark Tolson11 Hector Crowther12 Harry Beverley13 Frank 'Dolly' Dawson 1 Walter Bradley2 Harry Owen3 Peter Topping4 Percy Jacks5 Alf Gallimore6 Thomas Shannon7 Tommy McCue8 Nat Silcock (c)9 Jimmy Jones10 Alec Higgins11 Hugh McDowell12 Harry Millington13 Albert Ratcliffe

References