Kliment Andreyevich Kolesnikov (; born 9 July 2000) is a Russian swimmer. He holds world junior records in eight events: 50/100/200 back in long course, as well as 200 free, 50/100/200 back and 100 IM in short course.

He made his debut at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships, where he competed in three backstroke events and set two world junior records. In December 2017, he set a short course 100m backstroke world record at Vladimir Salnikov Cup, becoming the first swimmer born in the 2000s to hold a world record in an individual event.

He won a total of six medals (3 gold, 2 silver and 1 bronze) at the 2018 European Championships and established a new 50m backstroke world record.

At the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, Kolesnikov was chosen the flag bearer for Russia.Opening Ceremony Flag Bearers - Buenos Aires 2018 He won a total of six gold medals there.Kolesnikov and Minakov clinch sixth gold medals as swimming programme concludes at Buenos Aires 2018

At the 2023 Russian National Championships, conducted in long course metres in April at the Palace of Water Sports in Kazan, Kolesnikov won the gold medal in the 100 metre backstroke with a time of 52.54 seconds on day two."ЧЕМПИОНАТ РОССИИ 2023: Дистанция 103 Мужчины, 100m На спине Мужчины" (in Russian). Russian Swimming Federation. 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023."Swimmer Kolesnikov on the best result of the season in the world: "Cool, but compared to the record – swimming for children"". athletistic.com. 17 April 2023. Retrieved 18 April 2023."Campionati Nazionali di Russia. Day 2. Kliment Kolesnikov: 100 dorso (52.54). Shimanovic  Ilya: 100 rana (58.75)" (in Italian). nuoto.com. 17 April 2023. Retrieved 17 April 2023. In the finals session on day four, he first won a gold medal in the 50 metre backstroke with a time of 24.12 seconds, then followed up approximately 75 minutes later with a gold medal in the 50 metre freestyle with a time of 21.91 seconds."ЧЕМПИОНАТ РОССИИ 2023: Дистанция 117 Мужчины, 50m На спине Мужчины" (in Russian). Russian Swimming Federation. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023."ЧЕМПИОНАТ РОССИИ 2023: Дистанция 120 Мужчины, 50m Вольный стиль Мужчины" (in Russian). Russian Swimming Federation. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 19 April 2023."Swimmer Kolesnikov with the best result of the season in the world won the 50m backstroke in the Czech Republic". athletistic.com. 19 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023. On the sixth and final day, he won a bronze medal in the 100 metre freestyle with a 48.54 and a gold medal as part of the Moscow relay team finishing in 3:30.10 in the final of the 4×100 metre medley relay."ЧЕМПИОНАТ РОССИИ 2023: Дистанция 129 Мужчины, 100m Вольный стиль Мужчины" (in Russian). Russian Swimming Federation. 21 April 2023. Retrieved 22 April 2023."The Moscow team won the men’s combined relay race in the Czech Republic in swimming, in the women’s category, the St. Petersburg team became the first". athletistic.com. 21 April 2023. Retrieved 22 April 2023.

Personal bests Long course +EventTimeLocationDateNote50 m freestyle (LC)21.69Moscow27 April 2022100 m freestyle (LC)47.11Tokyo28 July 2021NR50 m backstroke (LC)23.55Kazan27 July 2023WR100 m backstroke (LC)51.82Kazan26 July 2023NR200 m backstroke (LC)1:55.14Budapest28 July 2017WJR

Short course +EventTimeLocationDateNote50 m freestyle (SC)20.88Moscow23 December 2022100 m freestyle (SC)45.58Kazan6 November 2021200 m freestyle (SC)1:41.75Saint Petersburg23 December 2017WJR50 m backstroke (SC)22.11Kazan23 November 2022WR100 m backstroke (SC)48.58Budapest21 November 2020ER, NR (r)200 m backstroke (SC)1:48.02Copenhagen13 December 2017WJR100 m individual medley (SC)50.63Hangzhou14 December 2018WJR200 m individual medley (SC)1:53.36Kazan20 November 2017 Note WR= World Record, WJR= World Junior Record, ER= European Record, NR= Russian National Record, LC= Long course, SC= Short course, r= relay lead-off

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