Margoliouth is a surname. Notable people by that name include:

David Samuel Margoliouth (1858–1940), British orientalist. Moses Margoliouth (1820–1881), Jewish convert to Christianity. H. M. Margoliouth (1887–1959), British poet and literary scholar. Jessie Payne Margoliouth (1856–1933), Syriac scholar. See also