Jakovljević () is a Serbian patronymic surname derived from a masculine given name Jakov. Notable people with the surname include:
Samuilo Jakovljević (1760–1825), Orthodox clergyman and Serbian diplomatic envoy Stevan Jakovljević (1890–1962), Serbian author, biologist and professor Anto Jakovljević (1962–2025), Bosnian-Herzegovinian football goalkeeper Dragan Jakovljević (born 1962), Bosnian Serb footballer Ivan Jakovljević (born 1989), Serbian footballer Robi Jakovljević (born 1993), Slovenian footballer Slobodan Jakovljević (born 1989), Serbian footballer Zvonko Jakovljević (born 1996), Serbian footballer