List of monarchs who abdicated

This is a list of monarchs who have abdicated. Some monarchs have been forced to abdicate. The list is chronological.

List

RulerCountryPositionAbdication dateSuccessor/FateKuai of YanState of YanKing of Yan318 BCZi ZhiWuling of ZhaoState of ZhaoKing of Zhao299 BCHuiwen of ZhaoLiu YingWestern Han dynastyEmperor of China10 January AD 9Wang MangXian of HanEastern Han dynasty11 December 220 Wen of Cao WeiCao HuanCao Wei4 February 266Wu of JinDiocletianRoman EmpireRoman emperor1 May 305GaleriusMaximianConstantius ChlorusMaximian11 November 308LiciniusLü GuangLater LiangHeavenly King339Yin of Later LiangVetranioRoman EmpireRoman emperor25 December 350Constantius IIAn of JinJin dynastyEmperor of China20 December 403Wudao of Huan ChuConstantine IIIWestern Roman EmpireRoman emperor411HonoriusGong of JinJin dynastyEmperor of China5 July 420Wu of Liu SongAvitusWestern Roman EmpireRoman emperor17 October 456MajorianXianwen of Northern WeiNorthern WeiEmperor of China20 September 471Xiaowen of Northern WeiGlyceriusWestern Roman EmpireRoman emperor24 June 474Julius NeposShun of Liu SongLiu SongEmperor of China29 May 479Gao of Southern QiHe of Southern QiSouthern Qi502Wu of LiangXiaojing of Eastern WeiEastern Wei550Wenxuan of Northern QiXiao DongLiang dynasty551Hou JingJing of Liang557Wu of ChenGong of Western WeiWestern Wei557Xiaomin of Northern ZhouWucheng of Northern QiNorthern Qi8 June 565Houzhu of Northern QiXuan of Northern ZhouNorthern Zhou1 April 579Jing of Northern ZhouJing of Northern Zhou581Wen of SuiYang of SuiSui dynasty8 December 617Gong of SuiGong of Sui12 June 618Gaozu of TangYang Tong23 May 619Wang ShichongGaozu of TangTang dynasty4 September 626Taizong of TangKōgyokuJapanEmpress of Japan12 July 645KōtokuJitō22 August 697MonmuWu ZhaoWu ZhouEmperor of China21 February 705Zhongzong of TangRuizong of TangTang dynasty8 September 712Xuanzong of TangGenmeiJapanEmpress of Japan3 October 715GenshōTheodosius IIIEastern Roman EmpireByzantine emperor25 March 717Leo IIIGenshōJapanEmpress of Japan3 March 724ShōmuCeolwulfNorthumbriaKing of Northumbria737EadberhtShōmuJapanEmperor of Japan19 August 749KōkenXuanzong of TangTang dynastyEmperor of China12 August 756Suzong of TangEadberhtNorthumbriaKing of Northumbria758OswulfKōkenJapanEmpress of Japan7 September 758JunninJunnin6 November 764ShōtokuKōnin30 April 781KanmuShunzong of TangTang dynastyEmperor of China28 August 805Xianzong of TangHeizeiJapanEmperor of Japan18 May 809SagaStaurakiosEastern Roman EmpireByzantine emperor2 October 811Michael I RangabeMichael I Rangabe11 July 813Leo VSagaJapanEmperor of Japan29 May 823JunnaJunna22 March 833NinmyōNinmyō4 May 850MontokuSeiwa18 December 876YōzeiYōzei4 March 884KōkōUda4 August 897DaigoAi of TangTang dynastyEmperor of China12 May 907Taizu of Later LiangDaigoJapanEmperor of Japan16 October 930SuzakuRui of Yang WuYang WuEmperor of China937Liezu of Southern TangSuzakuJapanEmperor of Japan16 May 946MurakamiYin of Later HanLater HanEmperor of China951Taizu of Later ZhouGong of Later ZhouLater Zhou960Taizu of SongReizeiJapanEmperor of Japan27 September 969En'yūEn'yū24 September 984KazanKazan1 August 986IchijōJohn XVIIIPopeJuly 1009Sergius IVIchijōJapanEmperor of Japan16 July 1011SanjōSanjō10 March 1016Go-IchijōGo-Suzaku5 February 1045Go-ReizeiBenedict IXPopeJuly 1045Gregory VIMichael VI BringasEastern Roman EmpireByzantine emperor30 August 1057Isaac I KomnenosIsaac I KomnenosByzantine Empire 22 November 1059Constantine X DoukasRomanos IV DiogenesEastern Roman Empire1 October 1071Michael VII DoukasGo-SanjōJapanEmperor of Japan18 January 1073ShirakawaNikephoros III BotaneiatesEastern Roman EmpireByzantine emperor1 April 1081Alexios I KomnenosShirakawaJapanEmperor of Japan3 January 1087HorikawaHenry IVHoly Roman Emperor1105Henry VTobaJapanEmperor of Japan25 February 1123SutokuHuizong of SongSong dynastyEmperor of China18 January 1126Qinzong of SongSutokuJapanEmperor of Japan5 January 1142KonoeEric III DenmarkKing of Denmark1146Sweyn IIICanute VValdemar IGo-ShirakawaJapanEmperor of Japan5 September 1158NijōGaozong of SongSong dynastyEmperor of China24 July 1162Xiaozong of SongNijōJapanEmperor of Japan3 August 1165RokujōRokujō9 April 1168TakakuraDermot McMurroughLeinster King of Leinster1169Domhnall CaomhánachTakakuraJapanEmperor of Japan18 March 1180AntokuXiaozong of SongSong dynastyEmperor of China18 February 1189Guangzong of SongGuangzong of SongSong dynastyEmperor of China24 July 1194Ningzong of SongGo-TobaJapanEmperor of Japan18 February 1198TsuchimikadoWładysław III Spindleshanks Duchy of PolandHigh Duke of Poland1206Leszek the WhiteTsuchimikadoJapanEmperor of Japan12 December 1210JuntokuJuntoku13 May 1221ChūkyōChūkyō29 July 1221Go-HorikawaShenzong of Western XiaWestern XiaEmperor of China1223Xianzong of Western XiaGo-HorikawaJapanEmperor of Japan17 November 1232ShijōGo-Saga16 February 1246Go-FukakusaKameyama6 March 1274Go-UdaValdemarKing of Sweden1277 (deposed 1275)Magnus LadulåsGo-UdaJapanEmperor of Japan27 November 1287FushimiCelestine VPope13 December 1294Boniface VIIIJohn Balliol King of Scots10 July 1296Robert IFushimiJapanEmperor of Japan30 August 1298Go-FushimiGo-Fushimi2 March 1301Go-NijōHanazono29 March 1318Go-DaigoEdward IIKing of England20 January 1327Edward IIIAndronikos II PalaiologosByzantine emperor24 May 1328Andronikos III PalaiologosKōgonNorthern Court of JapanEmperor of Japan7 July 1333KōmyōGo-DaigoSouthern Court of Japan18 September 1339Go-MurakamiIrene PalaiologinaEmpire of TrebizondEmpress of Trebizond17 July 1341AnnaMagnus VIINorwayKing of Norway15 August 1343Haakon VIKōmyōNorthern Court of JapanEmperor of Japan18 November 1348SukōTribhuwana WijayatunggadewiMajapahit EmpireQueen of Majapahit1350Hayam WurukSukōNorthern Court of JapanEmperor of Japan26 November 1351Go-KōgonJohn VI KantakouzenosByzantine emperor10 December 1354John V PalaiologosHugh IVKingdom of CyprusKing of Cyprus24 November 1358Peter IGo-kōgonNorthern Court of JapanEmperor of Japan9 April 1371Go-En'yūGo-En'yū24 May 1382Go-KomatsuChōkeiSouthern Court of Japan1383Go-KameyamaGo-KameyamaJapan19 November 1392Go-KomatsuRichard IIKing of England29 September 1399Henry IVAlbertKing of Sweden1405 (deposed 1389)MargaretGo-KomatsuJapanEmperor of Japan5 October 1412ShōkōGregory XIIPope4 July 1415Martin VMurad II Ottoman SultanAugust 1444Mehmed IIGo-HanazonoJapanEmperor of Japan21 August 1464Go-TsuchimikadoCharles INorwayKing of NorwayJune 1450Christian IAfonso VKing of Portugal11 November 1477John IIJohn II15 November 1477Afonso VCatherine CornaroKingdom of CyprusQueen of Cyprus26 February 1489Island annexed by the Republic of VeniceBayezid IIOttoman Sultan25 April 1512Selim ICharles IKing of Spain16 January 1556Philip IICharles VHoly Roman Emperor27 August 1556Ferdinand IMaryQueen of Scots24 July 1567James VIŌgimachiJapanEmperor of Japan17 December 1586Go-YōzeiGo-Yōzei9 May 1611Go-MizunooGo-Mizunoo22 December 1629MeishōMeishō14 November 1643Go-KōmyōChristinaQueen of Sweden6 June 1654Charles X GustavGo-SaiJapanEmperor of Japan5 March 1663ReigenJohn II Casimir Vasa Polish–Lithuanian CommonwealthKing of Poland16 September 1668Michał Korybut WiśniowieckiReigenJapanEmperor of Japan2 May 1687HigashiyamaJames II and VIIKing of England11 December 1688William III and IIMary IIKing of ScotlandAugustus II Polish–Lithuanian CommonwealthKing of Poland24 September 1706Stanisław LeszczyńskiHigashiyamaJapanEmperor of Japan27 July 1709NakamikadoUlrika EleonoraQueen of Sweden29 February 1720FrederickPhilip VKing of Spain14 January 1724Louis IVictor Amadeus II King of Sardinia3 September 1730Charles Emmanuel IIIAhmed III Ottoman Sultan1 October 1730Mahmut INakamikadoJapanEmperor of Japan13 April 1735SakuramachiSakuramachi9 June 1747MomozonoCharles VII and VKing of Naples6 October 1759Ferdinand IV and IIIKing of SicilyGo-SakuramachiJapanEmpress of Japan23 May 1770Go-MomozonoStanislaus II Augustus Polish–Lithuanian CommonwealthKing of Poland7 January 1795Third Partition of PolandQianlong (Qing dynasty)Emperor of China9 February 1796JiaqingRana Bahadur ShahKing of Nepal8 March 1799Girvan Yuddha Bikram ShahCharles Emmanuel IVKing of Sardinia4 June 1802Victor Emmanuel IFrancis IIHoly Roman Emperor6 August 1806Empire collapsedCharles IVKing of Spain19 March 1808Ferdinand VIIFerdinand VII6 May 1808Joseph IGustav IV AdolfKing of Sweden29 March 1809Charles XIIILouis Bonaparte Kingdom of HollandKing of Holland2 July 1810Napoléon Louis BonaparteJoseph IKing of Spain11 December 1813Ferdinand VIIFrederick VINorwayKing of Norway 14 January 1814Christian FrederickNapoleon IEmperor of the French 11 April 1814Bourbon RestorationChristian FrederickNorwayKing of Norway 10 October 1814Charles IIKōkakuJapanEmperor of Japan7 May 1817NinkōVictor Emmanuel IKing of Sardinia13 March 1821Charles FelixPedro IVKing of Portugal28 May 1826Maria IICharles XKing of France2 August 1830Louis Philippe ILouis XIXPedro IEmperor of Brazil7 April 1831Pedro IIMiguel King of Portugal26 May 1834Maria IIWilliam IKing of the Netherlands7 October 1840William IIRajendra Bikram ShahKing of Nepal12 May 1847Surendra Bikram ShahLouis PhilippeKing of the French24 February 1848Monarchy abolishedFerdinand IEmperor of Austria2 December 1848Franz Joseph ICharles IIDuke of Parma14 March 1849Charles IIICharles AlbertKing of Sardinia23 March 1849Victor Emmanuel IILeopold II Grand Duchy of TuscanyGrand Duke of Tuscany21 July 1859Ferdinand IVIsabella IIQueen of Spain25 June 1870Amadeo IAmadeo IKing of Spain11 February 1873Monarchy abolishedMilan IIKing of Serbia6 March 1889Alexander ILiliuokalaniQueen of Hawaii24 January 1895(relinquished power on 17 January 1893)Monarchy abolishedOscar IIKing of Norway26 October 1905Haakon VII SunjongEmperor of Korea29 August 1910 Annexed by JapanXuantong (Qing dynasty)Emperor of China12 February 1912Monarchy abolishedHongxian Empire of China22 March 1916Nicholas IIEmperor of Russia15 March 1917Monarchy abolishedFerdinand ITsar of the Bulgarians3 October 1918 Boris IIIWilhelm IIGerman Emperor9 November 1918Monarchy abolishedKing of PrussiaMarie-AdélaïdeGrand Duchess of Luxembourg14 January 1919CharlotteConstantine IKing of the Hellenes27 September 1922 George IIHusseinKing of Hejaz3 October 1924AliTaimur bin FeisalSultan of Oman 10 February 1932Said bin TaimurPrajadhipokKing of Siam2 March 1935Ananda MahidolEdward VIIIKing of the United Kingdom11 December 1936George VICarol IIKing of Romania6 September 1940 Michael IRezā Shāh IranShah of Iran16 September 1941Mohammad Reza PahlaviBảo Đại VietnamEmperor of Vietnam25 August 1945Monarchy abolishedVictor Emmanuel IIIKing of Italy9 May 1946 Umberto IIMichael IKing of Romania30 December 1947Monarchy abolishedWilhelminaQueen of the Netherlands4 September 1948JulianaLeopold IIIKing of the Belgians16 July 1951 BaudouinFarouk IKing of Egypt26 July 1952 Fuad IITalalKing of Jordan11 August 1952 HusseinNorodom SihanoukKing of Cambodia3 March 1955 Norodom SuramaritAli bin Abdullah Al ThaniEmir of Qatar24 October 1960Ahmad bin Ali Al ThaniSaudKing of Saudi Arabia2 November 1964 FaisalCharlotteGrand Duchess of Luxembourg12 November 1964JeanMohammed Zahir ShahKing of Afghanistan24 August 1973Monarchy abolishedSisavang VatthanaKing of Laos2 December 1975Monarchy abolishedJulianaQueen of the Netherlands30 April 1980BeatrixLetsie IIIKing of Lesotho25 January 1995 Moshoeshoe IIJeanGrand Duke of Luxembourg7 October 2000HenriNorodom SihanoukKing of Cambodia7 October 2004Norodom SihamoniSaad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-SabahEmir of Kuwait24 January 2006Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-SabahJigme Singye WangchuckKing of Bhutan9 December 2006Jigme Khesar Namgyal WangchuckBenedict XVIPope28 February 2013FrancisBeatrix Queen of the Netherlands30 April 2013Willem-AlexanderHamad bin Khalifa Al ThaniEmir of Qatar 25 June 2013Tamim bin Hamad Al ThaniAlbert IIKing of the Belgians 21 July 2013PhilippeJuan Carlos IKing of Spain 19 June 2014Felipe VIMuhammad VYang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia 6 January 2019AbdullahAkihitoEmperor of Japan 30 April 2019Na