Theodora Palaiologina () can refer to:
Theodora Angelina Palaiologina (fl. 1200s), matriarch of the Palaiologi family, mother of Michael VIII Palaiologos Theodora Palaiologina (Byzantine empress) (c. 1240–1303), Empress consort of Michael VIII Palaiologos (1259–1282) Theodora Palaiologina Synadene, half-niece of Michael VIII Theodora Palaiologina, Empress of Bulgaria, Byzantine princess and Empress consort of Theodore Svetoslav (1308–1321) and Michael Shishman (1324–1330) Theodora Tocco (died 1429), consort of the Despot of the Morea Constantine (XI) Palaiologos (1428–1429)