This timeline lists all sovereign states in North America (including Central America and the Caribbean), both current and defunct, from the year 1500 onwards.
Timeline
Current Sovereign States / Decadesbefore1500151015201530154015501560157015801590160016101620163016401650166016701680169017001710172017301740175017601770178017901800181018201830184018501860187018801890190019101920193019401950196019701980199020002010Antigua and Barbuda Kalinago 1632 Antigua (England) 1671 British Leeward Islands (England) 1816 Antigua-Barbuda-Montserrat (UK) 1833 British Leeward Islands (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Antigua and Barbuda (UK) 1981 Antigua and Barbuda Kalinago 1666 Barbuda (UK)Bahamas Lucayan people 1513 Deserted 1649 Eleutheran Adventurers 1670 Province of Carolina (England) 1718 Colony of the Bahamas (UK) 1973 BahamasBarbados Kalinago Uninhabited 1625 Colony of Barbados (England) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Barbados (UK) 1966 BarbadosBelize Pre-Columbian Belize 1524 New Spain (Spain) 1742 Colony of Jamaica (UK) 1862 British Honduras (UK) 1981 BelizeCanadaAlberta First Nations 1670 Rupert's Land (UK) 1870 Northwest Territories ( Canada) 1905 Alberta ( Canada)British Columbia Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest CoastColony of British Columbia 1858 (UK)Colony of British Columbia 1866 (UK) 1871 British Columbia ( Canada)Colony of Vancouver Island 1849 (UK)Manitoba First Nations 1670 Rupert's Land (UK) 1870 Manitoba (Canada)New Brunswick First Nations 1605 Acadia (France) 1713 Nova Scotia (UK) 1784 New Brunswick (UK) 1867 New Brunswick (Canada)Newfoundland and Labrador Beothuk 1610 Newfoundland Colony (UK) 1907 Dominion of Newfoundland (UK) 1949 Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada)Nova Scotia Mi'kmaq 1605 Acadia (France) 1713 Nova Scotia (UK) 1867 Nova Scotia (Canada)Ontario Aboriginal Canadians 1534 Canada (France) 1763 Province of Quebec (UK) Upper Canada (UK) Province of Canada (UK) 1867 Ontario (Canada)Prince Edward Island Mi’kmaq 1720 Isle Saint-Jean (France) 1763 Nova Scotia (UK) 1769 Prince Edward Island (UK) 1873 Prince Edward Island (Canada)Quebec Aboriginal Canadians 1534 Canada (France) 1763 Province of Quebec (UK) 1791 Lower Canada (UK) 1841 Province of Canada (UK) 1867 Quebec (Canada)Saskatchewan First Nations 1670 Rupert's Land (UK) 1870 Northwest Territories (Canada) 1905 Saskatchewan (Canada)Northwest Territories Aboriginal Canadians North-Western Territory (UK) 1870 Northwest Territories (Canada)Nunavut Inuit 1670 Rupert's Land (UK) 1870 Northwest Territories (Canada) 1876 District of Keewatin (Canada) 1905 Northwest Territories (Canada) 1999 Nunavut (Canada)Yukon Aboriginal Canadians North-Western Territory (UK) 1870 Northwest Territories (Canada) 1898 Yukon (Canada)Costa Rica Indigenous peoples of Costa Rica 1540 New Spain (Spain) 1821 First Mexican Empire 1823 Costa Rica ( Federal Republic of Central America) 1838 Costa RicaCuba Guanajatabey, Taíno and Ciboney 1511 Governorate of Cuba (Spain) 1519 New Spain (Spain) 1821 Captaincy General of Cuba (Spain) 1898 US Military Government ( USA) 1902 Republic of CubaDominica Kalinago 1727 Dominica (France) 1761 Dominica (UK) 1778 Dominica (France) 1783 Dominica (UK) 1833 British Leeward Islands (UK) 1940 British Windward Islands (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Dominica (UK) 1978 DominicaDominican Republic Captaincy General of Santo Domingo (Spain) 1795 Saint-Domingue (France) 1809 España Boba (Spain) 1821 Republic of Spanish Haiti 1822 Department of Ozama and Cibao (Haiti) 1844 Dominican Republic 1861 Spanish occupation of the Dominican Republic (Spain) 1865 Dominican Republic 1916 Dominican Republic ( USA) 1924 Dominican RepublicEl Salvador Cuzcatlan 1525 New Spain (Spain) 1821 First Mexican Empire 1823 El Salvador ( Federal Republic of Central America) 1841 El Salvador 1896 Greater Republic of Central America 1898 El SalvadorGrenada Kalinago 1649 French Antilles (France) 1762 British Grenada (UK) 1779 Grenada (France) 1783 British Grenada (UK) 1833 British Windward Islands (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Grenada (UK) 1974 GrenadaGuatemala Mayans 1521 New Spain (Spain) 1821 First Mexican Empire 1823 Guatemala ( Federal Republic of Central America) 1841 GuatemalaHaiti Captaincy General of Santo Domingo (Spain) 1625 Saint-Domingue (France) 1804 HaitiHonduras Pre-Columbian Honduras 1525 New Spain (Spain) 1821 Honduras (Mexico) 1823 Honduras ( Federal Republic of Central America) 1840 HondurasJamaica Pre-Columbian Jamaica 1509 Colony of Santiago (Spain) 1655 Colony of Jamaica (England) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 JamaicaMexico Aztec Empire 1521 New Spain (Spain) 1821 MexicoNicaragua Pre-Columbian Nicaragua 1520 New Spain (Spain) 1821 Mexican Empire 1823 Nicaragua ( Federal Republic of Central America) 1838 NicaraguaPanama Indigenous peoples of the Americas 1510 Province of Tierra Firme (Spain) 1542 Viceroyalty of Peru (Spain) 1717 Viceroyalty of New Granada (Spain) 1821 Gran Colombia 1831 Republic of New Granada 1858 Granadine Confederation 1863 United States of Columbia 1886 Republic of Columbia 1903 PanamaSaint Kitts and Nevis Arawaks and Kalinago 1623 Saint Christopher (England) 1671 British Leeward Islands (UK) 1816 Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (UK) 1833 British Leeward Islands (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla (UK) 1983 Saint Kitts and Nevis Arawaks and Kalinago 1628 Colony of Barbados (England) 1983 Nevis ( Saint Kitts and Nevis)Saint Lucia Kalinago 1833 British Windward Islands (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Saint Lucia (UK) 1979 Saint LuciaSaint Vincent and the Grenadines Kalinago 1719 Saint Vincent (France) 1763 Saint Vincent (UK) 1779 Saint Vincent (France) 1783 Saint Vincent (UK) 1833 British Windward Islands (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (UK) 1979 Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesTrinidad and Tobago Arawak and Kalinago 1797 Trinidad (UK) 1889 British Trinidad and Tobago (UK) 1958 West Indies Federation (UK) 1962 Trinidad and Tobago Arawak and Kalinago 1628 Nieuw-Walcheren (Netherlands) 1637 Neu-Kurland (Poland-Lithuania) Arawak and Kalinago 1654 Nieuw-Walcheren (Netherlands) 1677 Trinidad (France) 1797 Tobago (UK)United StatesAlabama Native Americans Mississippi Territory 1798 ( USA) Alabama Territory 1817 ( USA) 1819 Alabama ( USA) 1861 Alabama (CSA) 1865 Alabama ( USA)AlaskaAlaskan Natives1799 Russian America (Russia)1867 Department of Alaska ( USA)1884 District of Alaska ( USA)1912 Territory of Alaska ( USA)1959 Alaska ( USA)Arizona Native Americans 1768 The Californias (Spain) 1805 Alta California (Spain) 1822 Alta California Territory (Mexico) 1846 U.S. provisional government of New Mexico 1850 New Mexico Territory ( USA) 1863 Arizona Territory ( USA) 1912 Arizona ( USA)Arkansas Native Americans 1682 Louisiana (France) 1762 Louisiana (Spain) 1802 Louisiana (France) 1805 Louisiana Territory ( USA) 1812 Missouri Territory ( USA) 1819 Arkansas Territory ( USA) 1836 Arkansas ( USA) 1861 Arkansas (CSA) 1865 Arkansas ( USA)CaliforniaSee also Territorial evolution of California. Native Americans 1768 The Californias (Spain) 1805 Alta California (Spain) 1822 Alta California Territory (Mexico) 1846 United States military occupation ( USA) 1850 California ( USA)Colorado Native Americans 1836 Republic of Texas 1845 Texas ( USA) 1850 Unorganised territory ( USA) ’Unorganised territory’ was not an official name, rather it referred to any United States territory without an official name. 1854 Kansas TerritoryColorado at this point in time was split between the Kansas Territory, Utah Territory, Nebraska Territory and the New Mexico Territory, with the majority being within the Kansas Territory. ( USA) 1861 Colorado Territory ( USA) 1876 Colorado ( USA)Connecticut Native Americans 1636 Connecticut Colony (England) 1686 Dominion of New England (England) 1689 Connecticut Colony (England) 1776 Connecticut ( USA)Delaware Native Americans 1638 New Sweden (Sweden) 1655 New Netherland (Dutch Republic) 1664 Delaware Colony (UK) 1776 Delaware (USA)Florida Native Americans 1513 Spanish Florida (Spain) 1763 East Florida (UK) 1783 Spanish Florida (Spain) 1822 Florida Territory (USA) 1845 Florida (USA) 1861 Florida (CSA) 1865 Florida (USA)Georgia Native Americans 1732 Province of Georgia (UK) 1777 Georgia (USA) 1861 Georgia (CSA) 1865 Georgia (USA)Idaho Native Americans 1818 Oregon Country/Columbia District (USA/UK) 1843 Provisional Government of Oregon 1848 Oregon Territory (USA) 1853 Washington Territory (USA) 1890 Idaho (USA)Illinois Native Americans 1534 Canada (France) 1763 Province of Quebec (UK) 1787 Northwest Territory (USA) 1800 Indiana Territory (USA) 1809 Illinois Territory (USA) 1818 Illinois (USA)Indiana Native Americans 1534 Canada (France) 1763 Province of Quebec (UK) 1787 Northwest Territory (USA) 1800 Indiana Territory (USA) 1816 Indiana (USA)Iowa Native Americans 1534 Canada (France) 1763 Province of Quebec (UK) 1787 Northwest Territory (USA) 1800 Indiana Territory (USA) 1805 Michigan Territory (USA) 1836 Wisconsin Territory (USA) 1838 Iowa Territory (USA) 1846 Iowa (USA)Kansas Native Americans 1803 Louisiana Purchase (USA) 1805 Louisiana Territory (USA) 1812 Missouri Territory (USA) 1821 Unorganized territory (USA) 1854 Kansas Territory (USA) 1861 Kansas (USA)Kentucky Virginia Indians 1607 Colony of Virginia (UK) Virginia 1776 (USA) Kentucky 1792 (USA)Louisiana Native Americans 1682 Louisiana (France) 1762 Louisiana (Spain) 1803 Louisiana Purchase (USA) 1804 Territory of Orleans (USA) 1812 Louisiana (USA)Maine Native Americans Massachusetts Bay Colony 1652 (UK) Dominion of New England 1686 (UK) Massachusetts Bay Colony 1689 (UK) Province of Massachusetts Bay 1692 (UK) 1776 Massachusetts (USA) 1820 Maine (USA)Maryland Native Americans Province of Maryland 1632 (UK) Maryland 1776 (USA)Massachusetts Native Americans Massachusetts Bay Colony 1628 (UK) Dominion of New England 1686 (UK) Massachusetts Bay Colony 1689 (UK) Province of Massachusetts Bay 1692 (UK) Massachusetts 1776 (USA) Native Americans Plymouth Colony 1620 (UK) Plymouth Colony 1689 (UK)Michigan Native Americans 1534 Canada (France) 1763 Province of Quebec (UK) 1787 Northwest Territory (USA) 1800 Indiana Territory (USA) 1805 Michigan Territory (USA) 1837 Michigan (USA)Minnesota Native Americans 1803 Louisiana Purchase (USA) 1805 Louisiana Territory (USA) 1812 Missouri Territory (USA) 1821 Unorganized territory (USA) 1834 Michigan Territory (USA) 1836 Wisconsin Territory (USA) 1838 Iowa Territory (USA) 1846 Unorganized territory (USA) 1849 Minnesota Territory (USA) 1858 Minnesota (USA)Mississippi Native Americans 1732 Province of Georgia (UK) 1777 Georgia (USA) 1798 Mississippi Territory (USA) 1817 Mississippi (USA) 1861 Mississippi (CSA) 1863| Mississippi (USA)Missouri Native Americans 1803 Louisiana Purchase (USA) 1805 Louisiana Territory (USA) 1812 Missouri Territory (USA) 1821 Missouri (USA)Montana Native Americans 1803 Louisiana Purchase (USA) 1805 Louisiana Territory (USA) 1812 Missouri Territory (USA) 1821 Unorganized territory (USA) 1854 Nebraska Territory (USA) 1861 Dakota Territory (USA) 1863 Idaho Territory (USA) 1864 Territory of Montana (USA) 1889 Montana (USA)Nebraska Native Americans 1682 Louisiana (France) 1762 Louisiana (Spain) 1802 Louisiana (France) 1805 Louisiana Territory (USA) 1812 Missouri Territory (USA) 1821 Unorganized territory (USA) 1854 Nebraska Territory (USA) 1867 Nebraska (USA)Nevada Native Americans 1768 New Spain (Spain) 1821 Alta California (Mexico) 1848 Mexican Cession (USA) 1850 Utah Territory (USA) 1861 Nevada Territory (USA) 1864 Nevada (USA)New Hampshire Native Americans 1622 Province of Maine (UK) Province of New Hampshire (UK) 1641 Massachusetts Bay Colony (UK) 1680 Province of New Hampshire (UK) 1686 Dominion of New England (UK) 1689 Province of New Hampshire (UK) 1776 New Hampshire (USA)New Jersey Nat