Arber is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Agnes Arber (1879–1960), British botanist and philosopher of biology Edward Arber (1836–1912), British academic and writer Edward Alexander Newell Arber, British paleobotanist Silvia Arber (born 1968), Swiss neurobiologist Werner Arber (born 1929), Swiss microbiologist and geneticist
See also Arbour (surname) Großer Arber, a mountain in Bavaria Kleiner Arber, a mountain in Bavaria HD 82886 b, an exoplanet officially named Arber, orbiting Illyrian (HD 82886)