This is a list of territorial governors in the 16th century (1501–1600) AD, such as the administrators of colonies, protectorates, or other dependencies. Where applicable, native rulers are also listed.
A dependent territory is normally a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a sovereign state yet remains politically outside of the controlling state's integral area. The administrators of uninhabited territories are excluded.
England Kingdom of England English overseas possessions Monarchs
British Isles
Guernsey, Crown dependency British monarchs are the Dukes of Normandy Governors Edward Weston, Governor (1486–1509) Richard Weston, Governor (1509–1541) Francis Weston, co-Governor (1533–1536) Richard Long, Governor (1541–1545) Peter Mewtis, Governor (1545–1553) Leonard Chamberlain, Governor (1553–1561) Francis Chamberlain, Governor (1561–1570) Thomas Leighton, Governor (1570–1609) Bailiffs John Martin, Bailiff (1499–1510) James Guille, Bailiff (1511–1537) Thomas Compton, Bailiff (1538–1544) John Haryvell, Bailiff (1545–1549) Hellier Gosselin, Bailiff (1549–1562) Thomas Compton, Bailiff (1562–1570) Guillaume de Beauvoir, Bailiff (1571–1581) Thomas Wigmore, Bailiff (1581–1588) Louis de Vic, Bailiff (1588–1600)
Lordship of Ireland, a papal fief of England English monarchs are the Lords of Ireland Lord Deputy of Ireland Gerald FitzGerald, 8th Earl of Kildare (1496–1513) Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare (1513–1518) Sir Maurice Fitzgerald The Chronological Historian Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey (1520–1522) Piers Butler, 8th Earl of Ormonde (1522–1524) Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare (1524–1529) Sir William Skeffington (1529–1532) Gerald FitzGerald, 9th Earl of Kildare (1532–1534) Sir William Skeffington (1534–1535) Leonard Grey, 1st Viscount Grane (1536–1540)
Kingdom of Ireland, effectively a client state of England English monarchs are the Monarchs of Ireland Lord Deputy of Ireland Anthony St Leger (1540–1548) Edward Bellingham (1548–1549) Lord Justices (1549–1550) Anthony St Leger (1550–1551) James Croft (1551–1552) Lord Justices (1552–1553) Anthony St Leger (1553–1556) Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex (1556–1558) (Lord Lieutenant 1560–1564)Wagner, John, Historical Dictionary of the Elizabethan World, Oryx, 1999, p. 252 Sir Nicholas Arnold(1564–1565) Sir Henry Sidney (1565–1571) (1575–1578)Wagner, John, Historical Dictionary of the Elizabethan World, Oryx, 1999, p. 278 William FitzWilliam (1571–1575) (1588–1594) Arthur Grey, 14th Baron Grey de Wilton (1580–1582) Sir John Perrot (1584–1588) William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh (1594–1597) Thomas Burgh, 7th Baron Strabolgi (1597) Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex (Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1599)
North America
Roanoke Colony Governors Walter Raleigh, Lord and Governor (1585–c.1590) Ralph Lane, Acting Governor (1585–1586) John White, Acting Governor (1587)
France Ancien Régime of France French colonial empire Heads of state
North America
New France Lieutenant generals Jean-François Roberval, Lieutenant general (1541–1543) vacant (1543–1598) Marquis de la Roche-Mesgouez, Lieutenant general (1598–1603)Morris, Richard Brandon (ed.) (1970 rev.) Encyclopedia of American History Harper and Row, New York, p. 59;Harrisse, Henry (1872) Notes pour servir à l'histoire, à la bibliographie et àla cartographie de la Nouvelle-France et des pays adjacents, 1545-1700. Tross, Paris, p. 14;
Portugal Kingdom of Portugal Portuguese colonial empire Monarchs
Africa Portuguese Angola Governors Paulo Dias de Novais, Donatario (1575–1589) Luís Serrão, Governor (1589–1591) André Ferreira Pereira, Governor (1591–1592) Francisco de Almeida, Governor (1592–1593) Jerónimo de Almeida, Governor (1593–1594) João Furtado de Mendonça, Governor (1594–1602)
Portuguese Cape Verde Santiago Rodrigo Afonso, Captains (1473–1505) Ribeira Grande Captains Sebastião Álvares de Landim, Captain (1508–?) Fernão Mendes, Captain (1515–c.1516) João Alemão, Captain (1517–?) João Correia de Souza, Captain (1536–?) António Correia de Souza, Captain (1544–?) Manuel de Andrade, Captain (1555–?) Constantino de Bragança, Captain (1562–?) Boa Vista Captains Rodrigo Afonso, Captain (1497–1505) Pêro Correia, Captain (1505–?) António Correia, Captain (?–1542) Maria Correia, Captain (1542–?) Alcatrazes Islands Captains Afonso Ribeiro, Captain (1504–?) Rodrigi Varela, Captain (1508–?) Praia Captains André Rodrigues dos Mosquitos, Captain (1526–1527) Gomes Balieiro, Captain (1527–?) Manuel Correia, Captain (1570–?) Fogo Captains João de Meneses Vasconcellos, conde de Penela, Captain (1528–1529) Afonso de Meneses, conde de Penela, Captain (1528–?) Sal, Santa Luzia and Brava Captains Luís Pereira, Captain (1542–?) Martinho Pereira, Captain (1553–?) Santo Antão Gonçalo de Sousa, Captains (1548–?) Governors of Cape Verde Pêro de Guimarães, Corregedor (?–1517) João Alemão, Corregedor (1517–1521) Leonis Correia, Corregedor (1521–1527) Gaspar Correia, Corregedor (1527–1534) Estêvão de Lagos, Corregedor (1534–1536) André Feio, Corregedor (1536–1541) Simão Afonso, Corregedor (1539–1541) Pêro Moniz, Corregedor (1541–1544) António Ferreira, Corregedor (1544–1547) Pêro de Araujo, Corregedor (1547–1550) Jorge Pimentel, Corregedor (1550–1556) Manuel de Andrade, Corregedor (1556–1559) Luís Martins de Evangelho, Corregedor (1559–1560) Gregório Martins Caminha, Corregedor (1560–1562) Bernardo de Alpoim, Corregedor (1562–1571) António Velho Tinoco, Corregedor (1571–1577) Cristóvão Soares de Mello, Corregedor (1577–1579) Diogo Dias Magro, Corregedor (1579–1584) Gaspar de Andrade, Corregedor (1584–1588) Amador Gomes Raposo, Corregedor (1588–1588) Duarte Lobo da Gama, Governor (1588–1591) Brás Soares de Melo, Governor (1591–1595) Francisco Lobo da Gama, Governor (1597–1603)
Portuguese São Tomé Captains, Governors Fernão de Melo, Captain (1499–c.1510) unspecified (c.1510–c.1516) Diogo de Alcáçova, Captain (c.1516–c.1517) João de Melo, Captain (c.1517–1522) Vasco Estevens, Captain (1522–?) unspecified (?–1531) Henrique Pereira, Captain (1531–c.1535) unspecified (c.1535–1541) Diogo Botelho Pereira, Captain (1541–1545) Francisco de Barros de Paiva, Captain (1546–c.1554) Pedro Botelho, Captain (c.1558–?) unspecified (?–1560) Cristóvão Dória de Sousa, Captain (1560–1564) Francisco de Gouveia, Captain (1564–1569) Francisco de Pavia Teles, Captain (1569–1571) Diogo Salema, Captain (1571–1575) António Monteiro Maciel, Captain (1575–c.1582) unspecified (c.1582–c.1584) Francisco Fernandes de Figueiredo, Captain (c.1584–1586), Governor (1586–1587) Miguel Teles de Moura, Governor (1587–1591) Duarte Peixoto da Silva, Governor (1591–1592) Francisco de Vila Nova, Acting Governor (1592–1593) Fernandes de Meneses, Governor (1593–1597) Vasco de Carvalho, Governor (1597–c.1598) João Barbosa da Cunha, Acting Governor (c.1598–1601)
Portuguese Moçambique Captains major, Captains general
Captaincy of Sofala under Viceroy of India Sancho de Tovar, Captain major (1501–1505) Pêro de Anaia, Captain major (1505–1506) Manuel Fernandes de Meireles, Acting Captain major (1506) Nuno Vaz Pereira, Captain major (1506–1507) Captaincy of Sofala and Moçambique under Viceroy of India Vasco Gomes de Abreu, Captain major (1507–1508) Rui de Brito Patalim, Acting Captain major (1508–1509) António de Saldanha, Captain major (1509–1512) Simão de Miranda de Azevedo, Captain major (1512–1515) Sancho de Tovar, Acting Captain major (1512–1515) Cristóvão de Távora, Captain major (1515–1518) Sancho de Tovar, Captain major (1518–1521) Diogo de Sepúlveda, Captain major (1521–1525) Lopo de Almeida, Captain major (1525–1528) António da Silveira de Meneses, Captain major (1528–1531) Vicente Pegado, Captain major (1531–1538) Alexio Chicorro, Captain major (1538–1541) João de Sepúlveda, Captain major (1541–1548) Fernão de Sousa de Távora, Captain major (1548–1551) Diogo de Mesquita, Captain major (1551–1553) Diogo de Sousa, Captain major (1553–1557) Sebastião de Sá, Captain major (1557–1560) Pantaleão de Sá, Captain major (1560–1564) Jerónimo Barreto, Captain major (1564–1567) Pedro Barreto Rolim, Captain major (1567–1569) Captaincy-general of Moçambique Francisco Barreto, Captain general (1569–1573) Vasco Fernandes Homem, Acting Captain general (1573–1577) Fernando Monroi, Acting Captain general (1577) Simão de Silveira, Acting Captain general (1577) Pedro de Castro, Captain general (1577–1582) Nuno Pereira, Captain general (1582–1586) Jorge Telo de Meneses, Captain general (1586–1589) Lourenço de Brito, Captain general (1589–1590) Pedro de Sousa, Captain general (1590–1595) Nuno da Cunha Ataíde, Captain general (1595–1598) Álvaro Abranches, Captain general (1598–1601)
Portuguese Tangier Governors Lopo Vaz de Azevedo, Governor (1490?–1501) João de Meneses, Governor (1501–1508) Duarte de Meneses, Governor (1508–1521) Henrique de Meneses, Governor (1521–1522) Duarte de Meneses, from Évora, Governor (1522–1533) Gonçalo Mendes Sacoto, Governor (1533–1536) Duarte de Meneses, Governor (1536–1539) João de Meneses, Governor (1539–1546) Francisco Botelho, Governor (1546–1548) Pedro de Meneses, Governor (1548–1550) João Álvares de Azevedo, Governor (1550–1552) Luís de Loureiro, Governor (1552–1553) Fernando de Menezes, Governor (1553) Luís da Silva de Meneses, Governor (1553–1554) Bernardim de Carvalho, Governor (1554–1564) Lourenço de Távora, Governor (1564–1566) João de Meneses, Governor (1566–1572) Rui de Carvalho, Governor (1572–1573) Diogo Lopes da Franca, Governor (1573–1574) António of Portugal, Governor (1574) Duarte de Meneses, Viceroy of Portuguese India, Governor (1574–1578) Pedro da Silva, Governor (1578) Jorge de Mendonça, Governor (1578–1581) Francisco de Almeida, Governor (1581–1590) Belchior da França, Simão Lopes de Mendonça, Governor (1590–1591) Aires de Saldanha, Governor (1591–1599) António Pereira Lopes de Berredo, Governor (1599–1605)
Asia Portuguese India
South America Colonial Brazil Governors general Tomé de Sousa, Governor general (1549–1553) Duarte da Costa, Governor general (1553-1558) Mem de Sá, Governor general (1558-1572) Luís de Brito de Almeida, Governor general (1573-1578, Bahia) Cristóvão de Barros, Governor general (1572-1574, Rio de Janeiro) Lourenço da Veiga, Governor general (1578-1581) António Barreiros, Interim Governor general (1581-1583) Manuel Teles Barreto, Governor general (1583-1587) António Barreiros, Interim Governor general (1587-1591) D. Francisco de Sousa, Governor general (1591-1602)
Spain Habsburg Spain Spanish colonial empire Monarchs
Caribbean Colony of Santiago Governors Juan de Esquivel, Governor (1510–1514) Francisco de Garay, Governor (1514–1523) Pedro de Mazuelo, Governor (1523–1526) Juan de Mendegurren, Governor (1526–1527) Santino de Raza, Governor (1527–1531) Gonzalo de Guzman, Governor (?–1532) Manuel de Rojas, Governor (1532–?) Gil González Dávila, Governor (1533?–1534?) Manuel de Rojas, Governor (1536–?) Pedro Cano, Governor (1539?) Francisco de Pina, Governor (1544?) Juan González de Hinojosa, Governor (1556?) Pedro Cano, Governor (1558?) Blas de Melo, Governor (1565?) Juan de Gaudiel, Governor (1567?–1572?) Hernán Manrique de Rojas, Governor (1575?) Iñigo Fuentes, Governor (?–1577) Rodrigo Núñez de la Peña, Governor (1577–1578) Lucas del Valle Alvarado, Governor (1578–1583?) Diego Fernández de Mercado, Governor (1586?) Lucas del Valle Alvarado, Governor (1591?) García del Valle, Governor (1596?) Fernando Melgarejo Córdoba, Governor (1596–1606)
Europe Spanish Netherlands Governors Engelbert II of Nassau, Governor (1501-1504) William de Croÿ, Governor (1504-1507) Margaret of Austria, Governor (1507-1530) Mary of Austria, Governor (1531-1555) Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy, Governor (1555-1559) Margaret of Parma, Governor (1559-1567) Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Governor (1567-1573) Luis de Requesens y Zúñiga, Governor (1573-1576) John of Austria, Governor (1576-1578) Alexander Farnese, Governor (1578-1592)