Prausnitz is a German language surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Frederik Prausnitz (1920–2004), German-born American conductor and teacher John Prausnitz (born 1928), American professor of chemical engineering Mark Prausnitz, American chemical engineer, scientist, educator, entrepreneur, and inventor; son of the above John Prausnitz Moshe Prausnitz (1922–1998), Israeli archaeologist Otto Prausnitz (1876–1963), German physician, bacteriologist, and hygienist Wilhelm Prausnitz (1861–1933), Prussia born, Austrian-German professor
Prusice (), town in Lower Silesia, Poland