By 1915, the US Army was using trucks tactically. When the US joined World War I in April, 1917 it began purchasing trucks in larger numbers. Early trucks were often designed for both military and commercial use, later military-specific designs were built. Since 1940 the US military has ordered over 3,000,000 tactical trucks. The US Marines have used both US Army and their own specific models, some are shown.
The "ton" (907 kg) weight ratings are the payload of a basic cargo version of the truck, not of the individual version.
The "wheel arrangement" designation is the number of wheels x the number of driven wheels. There are two wheels per axle, dual tires are counted as one wheel. Some series have both single and dual tire models.
"Total built" usually includes for US forces and any export orders.
1915
Name and type Build years Total built NotesDodge M1918-ton 4x219181,012Light repair truck for vehiclesWhite-ton 4x21917–1919 Wide range of bodiesJeffery/Nash Quad2-ton 4x41913–192811,500+Early models had 4-wheel steeringLiberty truck3-ton 4x21917–19189,452built by 15 different manufacturersFWD Model B3-ton 4x41912–192016,000+Wide range of bodiesOrdnance standard3-ton 4x41918150?
1930
Name and type Build years Total built NotesFord / M.-H.-ton 4x41939Prototypes onlyLight repair truckDodge-ton 4x41939–1940 Wide range of bodiesFWD2-ton 4x41930100+Cargo and tank modelsIndiana 16x4-ton 4x41934–1935Open and closed cabs
1940 In 1939–1941, the US Army Quartermaster Corps was developing a full, and largely standardized line of tactical trucks, that could all operate off-road, and in all weather. In 1941, trucks of -ton, -ton, -ton, and 3-ton load capacity, (4x4), and of -ton, 4-ton, and -tons, (6x6), were in production, and several other types had been added. These trucks were designated by chassis type, followed by their manufacturer and model. Early use of "M" numbers relate to the body and not the truck itself. During WW II, "M" numbers began to be used for new trucks as well. In 1945, all truck production halted.
Name and type Build years Total built NotesWillys MB-ton 4x41941–1945639,000+Also built by Ford as GPWFirst "jeep" in the current meaning of the wordDodge WC- ton 4x41941–1945255,000+10+ bodiesChevrolet G506-ton 4x41940–1945168,60315 bodiesGMC CCKW-ton 6x61941–1945562,75012+ bodies"Deuce and a Half", "Jimmy".GMC DUKW-ton 6x61942–194521,147Amphibious version of CCKW"Duck"Studebaker US6-ton 6x61941–1945219,8828 bodiesDiamond T 9684-ton 6x61940–194530,000Cargo, dump, wreckerand specialty bodiesAutocar U8144T5-6 ton 4x41941–19452,711Semi-tractor for pontoon bridgesMack NJU5-6 ton 4x41941–1942692Semi-tractor for pontoon bridgesBrockway B6666-ton 6x61941–1945219,882Bridge, crane, cargo fire, vanand others by 5 manufacturersMack NM6-ton 6x61940–19448,400+Prime mover cargo truckMack NO-ton 6x61943–19452,050Prime mover cargo truckM1 Wrecker10-ton 6x61941–19455,765Standard heavy wrecker during WWIIBuilt by Ward LaFrance and Kenworth.Diamond T 98012-ton 6x41941–19456,554Tractor for M19 tank transporter Pacific M2612-ton 6x61943–1945 1,372 Semi-tractor for M25 tank transporter"Dragon Wagon"
1950 In 1950 the next generation of tactical trucks were being developed. Sizes were rationalized, with and -ton 4x4s and , 5, and 10-ton 6x6s. Trucks were military standard designs, 6x6 trucks used common cabs and similar fender and hood styles.
Name and type Build years Total built NotesM422-ton 4x41959–19623,992USMC lightweight utility truck"Mighty Mite"M38A1-ton 4x41952–1971 Light utility truck"Jeep"M274 -ton 4x41959 USMC Platform utility truck"Mule"M37 Series -ton 4x41951–1968136,22010 bodies"Power Wagon"M35 Series-ton 6x61950–1988173,7008+ bodies by 6 manufacturesM54 Series5-ton 6x61951–1965156,900Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and others.M123/M12510-ton 6x61955–19694,132semi-tractor for tank transporterprime mover cargo truck
1960
Name and type Build years Total built NotesM151-ton 4x41960–1988103,700 -ton utility jeepM715 series-ton 4x41967–196930,553Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies(Modified Jeep J-series truck)M561-ton 6x6196814,274Cargo and ambulance bodies"Gamma Goat"M656 Series5-ton 8x81968–1969 3 bodies for Pershing Missile System
1970
Name and type Build years Total built NotesM880 series-ton 4x41975–197644,027Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies(Modified Dodge W-series trucks)M809 series5-ton 6x61970–198238,800Cargo, dump, tractor, van, wrecker, and othersM5208-ton 4x41972–19761300Cargo, tank and wrecker bodiesFully amphibious - "Goer"M915 series14-ton 6x41978–19829,505Tractor, dump, tank, mixerAM General/CCC models M911 C-METHeavy 8x61977 Semi-tractor for tank transporter(modified Oshkosh F2365 truck)
1980 In the 1980s truck series began to be named from the initials of the truck type and are widely known by these names.
Name and type Build years Total built NotesCUCV M1008-ton 4x41983–1986 70,889 Ambulance, cargo, utility bodies(Modified Chevrolet K-series trucks)HMMWV M998-ton 4x41983–present Utility, ambulance, shelter-carrierM939 Series5-ton 6x61982–198744,590Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, van, wrecker, and othersHEMTT M97710-ton 8x81982–present962Cargo, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker
1990
Name and type Build years Total built NotesLMTV M1078-ton 4x41991–present Cargo, van, and chassis for specialty bodiesMTV M10835-ton 6x62005–present Cargo, dump, semi-tractor, tanker, wrecker, and othersM915A2 series15-ton 6x41990–presentTractor, dumpFreightliner modelsHET M1070Heavy 8x81993–present2,033Semi-tractor for tank transporterdesigned and built by Oshkosh
2000
Name and type Build years Total built Notes7000MVHD 6x62005–present9,500+For export(modified International WorkStar)MTVR7-ton 6x61999 Cargo, dump, wreckerUsed only by USMCLVSRHeavy 10x1020091,500+Cargo, tractor, wreckerUsed only by USMC
See also
List of U.S. military vehicles by model number List of U.S. military vehicles by supply catalog designation
Notes
References
Further reading