List of state leaders in the 20th century (1951–2000)

Lists of state leaders by century

This is a list of state leaders in the 20th century (1951–2000) AD, such as the heads of state, heads of government, and the general secretaries of single-party states.

These polities are generally sovereign states, including states with limited recognition (when recognised by at least one UN member state), but excludes minor dependent territories, whose leaders can be found listed under territorial governors in the 20th century. For completeness, these lists can include colonies, protectorates, or other dependent territories that have since gained sovereignty.

Africa

Africa: Central

Angola

Portuguese Angola (complete list) – Colony, 1575–1951; Overseas province, 1951–1975 For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Democratic People's Republic of Angola (complete list) – Presidents (complete list) – Holden Roberto, President (1975–1976) Jonas Savimbi, President (1975–1976, 1979–2002) Prime ministers (complete list) – José Ndele, Johnny Eduardo Pinnock, joint Prime ministers (1975–1976)

People's Republic of Angola Presidents (complete list) – Agostinho Neto, President (1975–1979) Lúcio Lara, Interim President (1979) José Eduardo dos Santos, President (1979–2017) Prime ministers (complete list) – Lopo do Nascimento, Prime minister (1975–1978) Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem, Prime minister (1991–1992, 1996–1999, 2002–2008)

Republic of Angola Presidents (complete list) – José Eduardo dos Santos, President (1979–2017) Prime ministers (complete list) – Marcolino Moco, Prime minister (1992–1996) Fernando José de França Dias Van-Dúnem, Prime minister (1991–1992, 1996–1999, 2002–2008)

Republic of Cabinda – Henrique N'zita Tiago, Provisional government leader (1975) Luis Ranque Franque, President (1975–1976)

Cameroon

French Cameroon, part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) – Annexed from German Kamerun, 1914–1919; League of Nations mandate, 1919–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1960 For details see France under western Europe

British Cameroons (complete list) – Annexed from German Kamerun, 1914–1919; League of Nations mandate, 1919–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1961 For details see the United Kingdom under British Isles, Europe

Republic of Cameroon Presidents (complete list) – Ahmadou Ahidjo, President (1960–1982) Paul Biya, President (1982–present) Prime ministers (complete list) – Ahmadou Ahidjo, Prime minister (1958–1960) Charles Assalé, Prime minister (1960–1961) East Cameroon Charles Assalé, Prime minister (1961–1965) Vincent de Paul Ahanda, Prime minister (1965) Simon Pierre Tchoungui, Prime minister (1965–1972) West Cameroon John Ngu Foncha, Prime minister (1961–1965) Augustine Ngom Jua, Prime minister (1965–1968) Salomon Tandeng Muna, Prime minister (1968–1972) United Cameroon Paul Biya, Prime minister (1972–1982) Bello Bouba Maigari, Prime minister (1982–1983) Luc Ayang, Prime minister (1983–1984) Sadou Hayatou, Prime minister (1991–1992) Simon Achidi Achu, Prime minister (1992–1996) Peter Mafany Musonge, Prime minister (1996–2004)

Central African Republic

Ubangi-Shari part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) – French colony, 1903–1958 For details see France under western Europe

Central African Republic Presidents (complete list) – David Dacko, President (1960–1966) Jean-Bédel Bokassa President (1966–1976) Emperor of the Central African Empire (1976–1979) David Dacko, President (1979–1981) André Kolingba, President (1981–1993) Ange-Félix Patassé, President (1993–2003) Prime ministers (complete list) – David Dacko, Prime minister (1959–1960) Elisabeth Domitien, Prime minister (1975–1976) Ange-Félix Patassé, Prime minister of the Central African Empire (1976–1978) Henri Maïdou, Prime minister of the Central African Empire (1978–1979) Bernard Ayandho, Prime minister (1979–1980) Jean-Pierre Lebouder, Prime minister (1980–1981) Simon Narcisse Bozanga, Prime minister (1981) Édouard Frank, Prime minister (1991–1992) Timothée Malendoma, Prime minister (1992–1993) Enoch Derant Lakoué, Prime minister (1993) Jean-Luc Mandaba, Prime minister (1993–1995) Gabriel Koyambounou, Prime minister (1995–1996) Jean-Paul Ngoupandé, Prime minister (1996–1997) Michel Gbezera-Bria, Prime minister (1997–1999) Anicet-Georges Dologuélé, Prime minister (1999–2001)

Chad

French Chad, part of French Equatorial Africa (complete list) – Colony, 1900–1960 For details see France under western Europe

Republic of Chad Presidents (complete list) – François Tombalbaye, President (1960–1975) Noël Milarew Odingar, President (1975) Félix Malloum, President (1975–1979) Goukouni Oueddei, President (1979) Lol Mahamat Choua, President (1979) Goukouni Oueddei, President (1979–1982) Hissène Habré, President (1982–1990) Idriss Déby, President (1990–2021) Prime ministers (complete list) – Hissène Habré, Prime minister (1978–1979) Djidingar Dono Ngardoum, Prime minister (1982) Jean Alingué Bawoyeu, Prime minister (1991–1992) Joseph Yodoyman, Prime minister (1992–1993) Fidèle Moungar, Prime minister (1993) Delwa Kassiré Koumakoye, Prime minister (1993–1995) Koibla Djimasta, Prime minister (1995–1997) Nassour Guelendouksia Ouaido, Prime minister (1997–1999) Nagoum Yamassoum, Prime minister (1999–2002)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the

Belgian Congo (complete list) – Colony, 1908–1960 For details see the Belgium under Western Europe

Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville) Presidents (complete list) – Joseph Kasa-Vubu, President (1960–1965) Antoine Gizenga, Rebel President (1961) Mobutu Sese Seko, President (1965–1971) Prime ministers (complete list) – Patrice Lumumba, Prime minister (1960) Joseph Iléo, Prime minister (1960) Justin Marie Bomboko, Prime minister (1960–1961) Joseph Iléo, Prime minister (1961) Antoine Gizenga, Rebel, Prime minister (1960–1961) Cyrille Adoula, Prime minister (1961–1964) Moise Tshombe, Prime minister (1964–1965) Évariste Kimba, Prime minister (1965) Léonard Mulamba, Prime minister (1965–1966)

State of Katanga – Moïse Tshombe, President (1960–1963)

South Kasai – Albert Kalonji, President (1960–1961), Mulopwe (1961–1962)

Zaire Presidents (complete list) – Mobutu Sese Seko, President (1971–1997) Heads of government (complete list) – Mpinga Kasenda, Prime minister (1977–1979) Bo-Boliko Lokonga, Prime minister (1979–1980) Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond, First state commissioner (1980–1981) N'Singa Udjuu, First state commissioner (1981–1982) Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1982–1986) Mabi Mulumba, First state commissioner (1987–1988) Jules Fontaine Sambwa, First state commissioner (1988) Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1988–1990) Lunda Bululu, Prime minister (1990–1991) Mulumba Lukoji, Prime minister (1991) Étienne Tshisekedi, Prime minister (1991) Bernardin Mungul Diaka, Prime minister (1991) Jean Nguza Karl-i-Bond, Prime minister (1991–1992) Étienne Tshisekedi, Prime minister (1992–1993) Faustin Birindwa, Prime minister (1993–1994) Léon Kengo, First state commissioner (1994–1997) Étienne Tshisekedi, Prime minister (1997) Likulia Bolongo, Prime minister (1997)

Democratic Republic of the Congo (complete list) – Laurent-Désiré Kabila, President (1997–2001)

Congo: Republic of the

French Equatorial Africa (complete list) – Federation of colonies, 1910–1934; Colony, 1934–1958 For details see France under western Europe

Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) Presidents (complete list) – Fulbert Youlou, President (1960–1963) Alphonse Massamba-Débat, President (1963–1968) Alfred Raoul, President (1968–1969) Prime ministers (complete list) – Alphonse Massamba-Débat, Prime minister (1963) Pascal Lissouba, Prime minister (1963–1966) Ambroise Noumazalaye, Prime minister (1966–1968) Alfred Raoul, Prime minister (1968–1969)

People's Republic of the Congo Presidents (complete list) – Marien Ngouabi, President (1969–1977) Military Committee of the Congolese Party of Labour (1977) Joachim Yhombi-Opango, President (1977–1979) Denis Sassou Nguesso, President (1979–1992) Prime ministers (complete list) – Henri Lopès, Prime minister (1973–1975) Louis Sylvain Goma, Prime minister (1975–1984) Ange Édouard Poungui, Prime minister (1984–1989) Alphonse Poaty-Souchlaty, Prime minister (1989–1990) Pierre Moussa, Acting Prime minister (1990–1991) Louis Sylvain Goma, Prime minister (1991) André Milongo, Prime minister (1991–1992)

Republic of the Congo (Brazzaville) Presidents (complete list) – Pascal Lissouba, President (1992–1997) Denis Sassou Nguesso, President (1997–present) Prime ministers (complete list) – André Milongo, Prime minister (1992) Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra, Prime minister (1992) Claude Antoine Dacosta, Prime minister (1992–1993) Joachim Yhombi-Opango, Prime minister (1993–1996) Charles David Ganao, Prime minister (1996–1997) Bernard Kolélas, Prime minister (1997)

Equatorial Guinea

Spanish Guinea (complete list) – Colony, 1778–1968 For details see Spain in southwest Europe

Equatorial Guinea Presidents (complete list) – Francisco Macías Nguema, President (1968–1979) Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President (1979–present) Prime ministers (complete list) – Cristino Seriche Bioko, Prime minister (1982–1992) Silvestre Siale Bileka, Prime minister (1992–1996) Ángel Serafín Seriche Dougan, Prime minister (1996–2001)

Gabon

Gabon Presidents (complete list) – Léon M'ba, President (1960–1967) Omar Bongo, President (1967–2009) Prime ministers (complete list) – Léon M'ba, Prime minister (1957–1961) Léon Mébiame, Prime minister (1975–1990) Casimir Oyé-Mba, Prime minister (1990–1994) Paulin Obame-Nguema, Prime minister (1994–1999) Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime minister (1999–2006)

São Tomé and Príncipe

Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe (complete list) – Colony, 1470–1951; Overseas province, 1951–1975 For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe Presidents (complete list) – Manuel Pinto da Costa, President (1975–1991) Miguel Trovoada, President (1991–2001) Prime ministers (complete list) – Miguel Trovoada, Prime minister (1975–1979) Celestino Rocha da Costa, Prime minister (1988–1991) Daniel Daio, Prime minister (1991–1992) Norberto Costa Alegre, Prime minister (1992–1994) Evaristo Carvalho, Prime minister (1994) Carlos Graça, Prime minister (1994–1995) Armindo Vaz d'Almeida, Prime minister (1995–1996) Raul Bragança Neto, Prime minister (1996–1999) Guilherme Posser da Costa, Prime minister (1999–2001)

Africa: East

Burundi

Ruanda-Urundi (complete list) – Belgian military occupation, 1916–1922; League of Nations mandate, 1922–1946; United Nations trust territory, 1946–1962 For details see Belgium under western Europe

Kingdom of Burundi Kings (complete list) – Mwambutsa IV Bangiriceng, King (1915–1966) Ntare V, King (1966) Prime ministers (complete list) – André Muhirwa, Prime minister (1961–1963) Pierre Ngendandumwe, Prime minister (1963–1964) Albin Nyamoya, Prime minister (1964–1965) Pierre Ngendandumwe, Prime minister (1965) Pié Masumbuko, Prime minister (1965) Joseph Bamina, Prime minister (1965) Léopold Biha, Prime minister (1965–1966) Michel Micombero, Prime minister (1966)

Republic of Burundi Presidents (complete list) – Michel Micombero, President (1966–1976) Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, President (1976–1987) Pierre Buyoya, President (1987–1993) Melchior Ndadaye, President (1993) François Ngeze, President (1993) Sylvie Kinigi, Acting President (1993–1994) Cyprien Ntaryamira, President (1994) Sylvestre Ntibantunganya, President (1994–1996) Pierre Buyoya, President (1996–2003) Prime ministers (complete list) – Albin Nyamoya, Prime minister (1972–1973) Édouard Nzambimana, Prime minister (1976–1978) Adrien Sibomana, Prime minister (1988–1993) Sylvie Kinigi, Prime minister (1993–1994) Anatole Kanyenkiko, Prime minister (1994–1995) Antoine Nduwayo, Prime minister (1995–1996) Pascal-Firmin Ndimira, Prime minister (1996–1998)

Comoros

Territory of the Comoros (complete list) –