Gaillot is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
Albane Gaillot (born 1971), French politician Bernard Gaillot (1780–1847), French painter Jacques Gaillot (1935–2023), French Roman Catholic bishop and activist Jean Baptiste Aimable Gaillot (1834–1921), French astronomer Philippe Gaillot (footballer) (born 1965), French footballer