The International Commission on Financing Global Education Opportunity (also known as the Education Commission) was set up in 2015 to reinvigorate the case for investing in education and to chart a pathway for increasing investment, especially in low- and middle-income countries.Education Commission. 2016. The Learning Generation: Investing in Education for a Changing World Chaired by United Nations (UN) Special Envoy for Global Education and former United Kingdom (UK) Prime Minister Gordon Brown, the Commission presented its report, The Learning Generation: Investing in Education for a Changing World, to United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on September 18, 2016. The report called for "the largest expansion of educational opportunity in history."Reuters. September 16, 2016. Education is civil rights struggle of our age: U.N. envoy Gordon Brown The Secretary-General indicated that he will act on the commission's recommendations.
Commission Formation and Membership
The Education Commission was convened by Prime Minister Erna Solberg of Norway, President Arthur Peter Mutharika of Malawi, President Joko Widodo of Indonesia, President Michelle Bachelet of Chile, and UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova following the 2015 Oslo Summit on Education for Development.United Nations News Centre. September 18, 2016. UN chief urges global support for plan to unlock biggest expansion of educational opportunity in history
Among the 17 Sustainable Development Goals agreed on by world leaders at the 2015 Sustainable Development Summit was a goal for education: To ensure inclusive and equitable quality education by 2030 and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.United Nations. 2015. Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development The commission's work was aligned with that and the broader SDG goals, with a mandate to identify the most effective and accountable ways of mobilizing and deploying resources to help ensure that all children and young people have the opportunity to participate, learn, and gain the skills they need for adulthood and work in the 21st century.Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. September 29, 2015. Education Commission launched with Solberg and Mutharika centre stage
The commission's members include current and former heads of government and state, government ministers, and leaders in the fields of education, business, economics, development, health, and security: Gordon Brown, UN Special Envoy for Global Education; Former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (chair) Anant Agarwal, CEO, edX; Professor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology José Manuel Barroso, Former President of the European Commission Kristin Clemet, managing director, Civita; Former Norwegian Minister of Education and Research of Norway, and Former Norwegian Minister of Labor and Government Administration Aliko Dangote, CEO, Dangote Group Julia Gillard, chair, Global Partnership for Education; Former Prime Minister of Australia Baela Raza Jamil, Adviser and Trustee, Idara-e-Taleem-o-Aagahi (ITA) Amel Karboul, Secretary-General of Maghreb Economic Forum (MEF); Former Tunisian Minister of Tourism Jakaya Kikwete, Former President of Tanzania Jim Kim, President, World Bank Group Yuriko Koike, Governor of Tokyo; Former Member of Japan's House of Representatives; Former Japanese Minister of Defense Anthony Lake, executive director, UNICEF Lee Ju-ho, Professor, KDI School of Public Policy and Management; Former Korean Minister of Education and interim President Jack Ma, Founder and Executive Chairman, Alibaba Group Graça Machel, Founder, Graça Machel Trust Strive Masiyiwa, Executive Chairman and Founder, Econet Teopista Birungi Mayanja, Founder Ugandan Teachers' Union (UNATU); Deputy Director Education Services, Kampala Capital City Authority Shakira Mebarak, International Artist; Founder, Fundación Pies Descalzos Patricio Meller, Professor, University of Chile; President, Fundación Chile Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, chair, GAVI; Former Nigerian Minister of Finance Sheikha Lubna Al Qasimi, Cabinet Member and Minister of State for Tolerance, United Arab Emirates Kailash Satyarthi, Founder, Bachpan Bachao Andolan Amartya Sen, Thomas W. Lamont University Professor and Professor of Economics and Philosophy, Harvard University Theo Sowa, CEO, African Women's Development Fund Lawrence Summers, Charles W. Elliot University Professor and President Emeritus, Harvard University; 71st U.S. Secretary of the Treasury for President Clinton; Director of the U.S. National Economic Council for President Obama Helle Thorning-Schmidt, Chief Executive, Save the Children; Former Prime Minister of Denmark
Research and Development of Recommendations The Commission report is the most recent study on the importance of reforming, building, and sustaining successful education systems. For example, a 2010 McKinsey & Company report analyzed 20 education systems to understand the factors sustain well performing systems.McKinsey & Company. November 2010. How the world's most improved school systems keep getting better The Brookings Institution examined the large education gap between developed and developing countries, concluding that "when it's shown as an average number of years in school and levels of achievement, the developing world is about 100 years behind developed countries."The Brookings Institution. June 10, 2015. Why wait 100 years? Bridging the gap in global education
To conduct its own study and develop recommendations, the Education Commission established a set of research hubs and network of expert advisers focusing on various pieces of investigation. Its conclusion and recommendations were based on new research by partners around the world, new expert analysis of the existing evidence base, and wide-reaching global consultations with practitioners, education providers, ministers of finance and education, policymakers, and partners in education. More than 300 partners in 105 countries engaged in this process.UNESCO International Institute for Education Planning. September 18, 2016. Launch of the Education Commission report: how to finance the Learning Generation Its final report also drew on the conclusions of dedicated expert panels on technology, health and education, finance and a youth panel.Theirworld. September 18, 2016. What is the Education Commission and its global mission? The report's development was led by Commission Director Justin W. van Fleet and Research and Report Director Liesbet Steer.
Learning Generation Findings and Recommendations The Education Commission's final "Learning Generation" report highlighted a global "learning crisis" hitting developing countries the hardest.Reuters. December 9, 2016. Nobel laureates, leaders gather to push child slavery onto the global agenda It notes that at a time when workers need higher skills than ever before because of technological change and globalization, an increasing number are not getting adequate educations. According to the report, only half of primary school children and little more than a quarter of secondary school children in low- and middle-income countries are learning basic skills;Education Commission. 2016. The Learning Generation: Investing in Education for a Changing World 263 million children and young people around the world are out of schoolUNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS). 2016. "263 million children and youth are out of school." and 330 million primary and secondary school students who are in school do not achieve even the most basic learning outcomes.Analysis by the Education Commission Secretariat (2016) The Guardian notes that by 2030, according to Commission estimates of current trends, 800 million of the world's 1.6 billion children will not get a full education, and 200 million of those will receive no formal schooling at all.The Guardian. September 18, 2016. "Global education is civil rights struggle of our age, says Gordon Brown" The report's authors say the crisis has serious implications for economic growth, living standards, and social and political stability.
To address the learning crisis, the Commission proposes what it calls "the largest expansion of educational opportunity in modern history." "The Commission presents a bold solution" to "a learning crisis that has the potential to stunt economic growth around the globe," according to Lawrence Summers, former U.S. Treasury Secretary and a Commission member.medium.com. October 16, 2015 By following the examples of the 25 percent of countries improving their educational systems the fastest, the Commission says that all countries could achieve a "learning generation" by 2030 – within a generation, all children in low- and middle-income countries could have access to quality pre-primary, primary, and secondary education, and a child in a low-income country will be as likely to reach the baseline level of secondary school skills and participate in post-secondary education as a child in a high-income country today. Commission member and former Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard told Forbes magazine, "If all students in low-income countries developed basic reading skills in school, 171 million people could be lifted out of poverty – the equivalent of a 12-percent cut in global poverty."Forbes. October 3, 2015. "Education Is the Key to All Development Goals"
To achieve the learning generation goal, the Commission report proposes four education "transformations" to increase investment and improve efficiency and impact:
Performance. Build systems that focus on achieving learning, and achieving results with increased efficiency.
Innovation. Create a culture of innovation, including benefiting from new technologies, new ways of organizing the education workforce, and involvement and initiative from organizations and individuals outside government.
Inclusion. Adopt "progressive universalism" in education to target resources to maximize inclusion of all children regardless of gender, background, or socioeconomic status, and tackle the broader factors that impact learning.
Finance. Increase investment in education in low- and middle-income countries from $1.2 trillion per year today to $3 trillion a year by 2030.Deutsche Welle. September 19, 2016. "UN-backed report calls for investment to educate poor children of the world" The Commission proposes that 97 percent of this increase should come from developing countries themselves.