The Constitution of India designates the official languages of India as Hindi and English. The number of bilingual speakers in India is 314.9 million, which is 26% of the population in 2011.
Multilingualism Hindi Hindi is one of the official languages of India and had 528 million native speakers as of the 2011 Census. About 139 million Indians speak Hindi as a second language and 24 million speak it as their third language. +First, second, and third languages by number of speakers in India (2011 Census)LanguageFirst languagespeakersFirst languagespeakers as a percentageof total populationSecond languagespeakers Third languagespeakers Total speakersTotal speakers as apercentage of totalpopulationHindi528,347,19343.63139,000,00024,000,000692,000,00057.1English259,6780.0283,000,00046,000,000129,000,00010.6Bengali97,237,6698.39,000,0001,000,000107,000,0008.9Marathi83,026,6807.0913,000,0003,000,00099,000,0008.2Telugu81,127,7406.9312,000,0001,000,00095,000,0007.8Tamil69,026,8815.897,000,0001,000,00077,000,0006.3Gujarati55,492,5544.744,000,0001,000,00060,000,0005Urdu50,772,6314.3411,000,0001,000,00063,000,0005.2Kannada43,706,5123.7314,000,0001,000,00059,000,0004.94Odia37,521,3243.25,000,000390,00043,000,0003.56Malayalam34,838,8192.97500,000210,00036,000,0002.9Punjabi33,124,7262.832,230,000720,00036,600,0003Assamese15,311,3511.267,488,153740,40223,539,9061.94Sanskrit001,230,0001,960,0003,190,0000.19
Multilingualism by state Combined percentages of first, second and third language speakers of Hindi and English in India from the 2011 Census.
+Hindi and English Proficiency in 2011State or union territoryHindiEnglishIndia57.11%10.62%Andaman and Nicobar Islands79.87%21.94%Andhra Pradesh (incl. Telangana)12.59%13.06%Arunachal Pradesh62.76%23.08%Assam25.24%8.05%Bihar89.37%2.72%Chandigarh94.05%41.62%Chhattisgarh93.64%2.29%Dadra and Nagar Haveli57.50%10.34%Daman and Diu76.19%15.38%Delhi96.75%31.72%Goa53.34%41.80%Gujarat43.63%12.44%Haryana95.34%15.59%Himachal Pradesh96.57%10.64%Jammu and Kashmir (incl. Ladakh)38.00%15.98%Jharkhand85.43%5.15%Karnataka12.27%11.83%Kerala9.12%20.15%Lakshadweep17.87%19.30%Madhya Pradesh95.74%5.44%Maharashtra52.09%14.32%Manipur18.44%31.62%Meghalaya13.95%15.61%Mizoram7.01%15.50%Nagaland15.89%32.57%Odisha18.76%17.23%Puducherry3.87%28.10%Punjab51.04%30.05%Rajasthan95.04%4.55%Sikkim47.96%27.69%Tamil Nadu2.11%18.49%Tripura9.95%7.53%Uttar Pradesh97.40%6.42%Uttarakhand97.19%8.36%West Bengal13.83%6.70%
See also Languages of India Languages with official status in India List of languages by number of native speakers in India
References