The Sanjak of Çanad () was a sanjak (district) of the Ottoman Empire located mostly in what is today northwestern Banat (northernmost Serbia, southernmost Hungary and westernmost Romania), centered at Cenad (, in modern Romania). It existed from the middle of the 16th century, up to the beginning of the 18th century.
History
After the capture of Belgrade (1521), the Ottomans intensified their incursions towards various territories of the Kingdom of Hungary beyond the Danube, gradually establishing their posts, while the Csanád County remained under the Hungarian rule. After the Battle of Mohács (1526), an Eastern Hungarian Kingdom was created, becoming a vassal state of the Ottoman Empire, and encompassing the Csanád County. By 1536, the Banate of Lugos and Karansebes was established further to the east, as a military frontier towards the Ottomans. In the same time, local magnate Petar Petrović (d. 1557) emerged as a semi-autonomous governor of the region, balancing between Hungarians and the Ottomans.
During the Ottoman campaign in 1551-1552, the entire territory of the Csanád County was conquered and incorporated into the newly formed Temeşvar Eyalet. It was organized as the Sanjak of Çanad, encompassing various regions on both sides of the river Mureș. In 1594-1595, those territories were also affected by the massive anti-Ottoman Banat uprising of local Christians, mainly Serbs and Romanians.
During the Habsburg-Ottoman War (1683-1699), much of the region was temporarily liberated, but under the Treaty of Karlowitz (1699) the entire territory to the south of the river Mureș was returned to the Ottoman rule, while territories to the north were included into the newly formed Habsburg Military Frontier.
In 1707, the Sanjak of Çanad was abolished, becoming a sub-district of the Sanjak of Temeşvar. In 1716, its territory was conquered by Habsburg forces during the Habsburg-Ottoman War (1716–1718). In 1718, the Habsburgs formed a new province in this region, named the Banat of Temeswar, that was encompassing much of the former Sanjak of Çanad.
See also Csanád County (medieval)
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