The Volvo Engine Architecture (VEA) is a family of straight-three and straight-four automobile petrol and diesel engines produced by Volvo Cars in Skövde, Sweden, since 2013, Zhangjiakou, China, since 2016 and Tanjung Malim, Malaysia, since 2022 by Proton. Volvo markets all engines under the Drive–E designation, while Geely groups the three-cylinder variants with its other engines under the G-power name. These engines are some of the few ever put into production as twincharged engines, in the company of the Lancia Delta S4 and concept Jaguar CX-75.
History Development of the new engine family began in 2006, with the decision to only produce four-cylinder engines being finalised in 2007. The intention was to produce smaller, more economical and environmentally friendly engines that would be fitted to every Volvo model. In 2008 Volvo began to upgrade its Skövde engine plant and invested roughly 2 billion SEK into development and tooling for the VEA.
In the autumn of 2013, the first cars with the new engines were delivered to customers, starting with the S60 II and V60 models. At the same time, Volvo began to phase out the five-cylinder petrol and diesel engines, the six-cylinder petrol engines as well as any four-cylinder engines from other manufacturers. Until the end of 2015, nearly all other engines had been phased out, with only a few non VEA engines remaining in production for select models. Volvo nearly completed the phaseout in 2016 with only two variants of the five-cylinder diesel remaining in production for the 60-series models.
In December 2014, Volvo introduced the first hybrid variant of a VEA engine with the launch of the XC90 T8. It uses an electric rear axle drive (ERAD) for both electric propulsion and AWD capabilities. Hybrid engines are equipped with a crankshaft integrated starter generator (CISG) that is used to start the engine, capture otherwise lost energy when slowing down and reduce lag at low rpm by acting as an additional supercharger. Volvo refers to this type of hybrid implementation as Twin Engine.
With the introduction of Volvo's new flagship sedan in 2016, the S90, the PowerPulse anti-lag system for the top of the range diesel engines was unveiled. It uses a small tank of compressed air that can instantaneously be released into the turbocharger to help with spool up, thereby reducing turbo lag.
Volvo began testing of three-cylinder variants in mid 2014, it had been planned to introduce these engines in 2015. With their smaller capacity and less power they were meant to be used as base engines. In 2015 no three-cylinder engines were released, instead four-cylinder variants with 1.5 L capacity were introduced as base engines on some models. In the second half of 2017, the first production VEA three-cylinder engine was released with the debut of the LEVC TX, where it is used as a range extender. The first Volvo three-cylinder VEA was slated for introduction in 2018 for the XC40 under the T3 engine designation, however it saw only limited release.
Due to stricter emissions laws, additional and improved emissions control equipment was introduced, beginning in the second half of 2017 for the 2018 model year. Diesel engines gained a SCR-catalyst to decrease NOx emissions, petrol engines received a particle filter. These changes are referred to as VEA GEN2. This improved the emissions rating to Euro 6c and for some engines to Euro 6d-TEMP. The improvements were rolled out in stages and some engines, particularly the hybrid variants, remained in Euro 6 configuration until the second quarter of 2018. By model year 2019 all engines had been updated to achieve Euro 6d-TEMP certification, with some engines getting discontinued. All diesel engines are now equipped with Ad-Blue and all petrol engines with a particle filter.
Volvo has been developing a major update for all its engines since 2017. It is code-named VEA GEN3 (with VEP GEN3 and VED GEN3 respectively) and part of Volvo's effort to hybridize all of its engines. The MHEV variants will have a 48V network separate from the high-voltage battery system.
New B badging for hybrid vehicles. Deviating from the previously introduced T<some number> (1994 with the T-5, without the dash in 1996 for X70) and D<some number> (2002 with the D5 engine, expanded in ~2009 with D4 and D3 subdivision) naming/badging scheme. The system uses kinetic energy recovery via a belt driven integrated starter generator (BISG) which is stored in a 48V 0.25 kWh lion battery. Under heavy load or rapid acceleration the BISG is used as a power adder. P0 hybridization.
Nomenclature The engine codes consist of a series of letters and digits. The actual, broadly used engine code is 7 or 8 characters long. Hybrid models can have a second engine code that is 7 characters long, mild hybrids engine codes are 6 characters long. Different, more general engine codes are used for some certification and approval documents and are 6 to 8 characters long. An additional 2 characters are used to identify each specific engine variant with an MP or HP suffix to differentiate performance.
Standard engine codes: 1st: Fuel type (B/D) B = Bensin (Petrol), D = Diesel 2nd: Number of cylinders (3/4) 3rd & 4th: Approximate displacement in deciliters, may be rounded up or down (19 ~= 2.0 L) 5th: Valves per cylinder (4) 6th: Induction method (T) T = turbocharged 7th & 8th: Engine variant (4/5/6/9/11/14/20/23/27/35/44)
Petrol (GEP3/VEP4)
1.5
All three-cylinder 1.5 L (1,477 cc) petrol engines have a bore of and a stroke of with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. All engines are turbocharged and intercooled with direct injection. All 3 cylinder engines are equipped with belt driven water pump and integrated mass balancer shaft, 4 cylinder engines are equipped with an electric water pump.
B3154T
The B3154T is usually only referred to as range extender. It delivers at 4000 rpm and . When running it only recharges the high voltage battery, thus functioning as a range extender giving approx. 300 miles of additional range. Single turbocharger.
CISG.
Emissions level Euro 6.
Applications: 2017–present LEVC TX badged as LEVC TX, LEVC TX e-City or with no additional badging
B3154T
The B3154T (11 or 14 for standard transmission and 15 for automatic) delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1850–3850 rpm with standard transmission or of torque in the range of 1850–3850 rpm with automatic. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual or automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with a six-gear gearbox made by Volvo Cars or the Toyota AW8G30 gearbox.
It was replaced by the newer engine B3154T7 which retains the same ID code of 11 but not 14; automatic was changed to B3154T2 which retains the same ID code of 15.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2019 Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 T3
B3154T2
The B3154T2 (15) delivers at 5500 rpm and of torque in the range of 1500–3000 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with the AW8G30 gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2020–present Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 T3
B3154T3
The B3154T3 delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1550–3000 rpm.
Emissions level euro 6dtemp.
Applications: 2019–present Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 T2
B3154T5
The B3154T5 (BB) delivers at 5800 rpm and of torque in the range of 1500–3000 rpm. The front electric motor (EFAD) delivers and of torque. Single turbocharger.
Battery capacity is 9.7 kWh.
This engine is only available with the 7DCTH gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6d.
Applications: 2020–present Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 T5 Twin Engine
B3154T7
The B3154T7 (11) delivers at 5500 rpm and of torque in the range of 1850–3000 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual gearbox. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with the M76 R6.2 gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2020–present Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 T3
B3154T9
The B3154T9 delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1600–3000 rpm. Single turbocharger.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2020–present Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 T2
JLH-3G15TD / JLH-3G15T
The JLH-3G15TD delivers at 5500 rpm and of torque in the range of 1500–4000 rpm. Single turbocharger.
The JLH-3G15T delivers at 5500 rpm and of torque in the range of 1500 and 4000 rpm. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with a 7-speed DCT.
No emissions standard information.
Applications: JLH-3G15TD 2016–present Geely Boyue 2018–present Geely Binyue 2018–present Geely Borui GE 2018–present Lynk & Co 01 / 领克01 badged as 01 PHEV 2018–2023 Lynk & Co 02 / 领克02 badged as 02 or 02 1.5TD 2018–present Lynk & Co 03 / 领克03 badged as 03 or 03 1.5TD 2020–present Geely Icon 2020–present Proton X50 2020–present Proton X70 2023–present Proton X90 Applications: JLH-3G15T
2020–present Proton X50 2023–present Proton S70 2024–present Geely Xingyue L / Renault Grand Koleos
JLH-3G15TDC
The JLH-3G15TDC delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1450–4000 rpm. Single turbocharger.
Emissions level China V.
Applications: 2018–2023 Lynk & Co 02 / 领克02 badged as 02 or 02 1.5TD
B4154T2
The B4154T2 (32) delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1800–4000 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with an automatic gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2019 Volvo V40 II badged as V40 T3 2019 Volvo V40CC badged as V40CC T3
B4154T3
The B4154T3 (33) delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1800–3500 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2019 Volvo V40 II badged as V40 T2
B4154T4
The B4154T4 (29) delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1700–4000 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6b.
Applications: 2016–2018 Volvo V40 II badged as V40 T3 2015–2018 Volvo V40CC badged as V40CC T3 2016–2018 Volvo S60 II badged as S60 T3 2016–2018 Volvo S60L badged as S60L T3 2016–2018 Volvo V60 badged as V60 T3
B4154T5
The B4154T5 (28) delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1600–3500 rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6b, upgraded to Euro 6d-TEMP with model year 2018.
Applications: 2016–2019 Volvo V40 II badged as V40 T2 2016–2018 Volvo S60 II badged as S60 T2 2016–2018 Volvo V60 badged as V60 T2
B4154T6
The B4154T6 delivers at 5000 rpm and of torque in the range of 1600–3500 rpm. Single turbocharger.
This engine is only available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6b.
Applications: 2016–2019 Volvo V40 II badged as V40 T3 2016–2018 Volvo S60 II badged as S60 T3 2016–2018 Volvo V60 badged as V60 T3
2.0 All 2.0 L (1,969 cc) petrol engines have a bore of and a stroke of with a compression ratio of 10.3:1. All engines are turbocharged and intercooled with direct injection. More powerful versions are equipped with a roots type supercharger in addition to being turbocharged and intercooled. All engines come with an electric water pump and balancer shafts.
B4204T5
The B4204T5 delivers at 5800 rpm and of torque in the range of 1500–3000 rpm. The front electric motor (EFAD) delivers at 4000 rpm and of torque at 3500 rpm. Single turbocharger.
Battery capacity is 10.7 kWh.
This engine is only available with the 7DCT gearbox.
Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
Applications: 2020–present Volvo XC40 badged as XC40 Twin Engine or XC40 T5 Twin Engine
JLH-4G20TD