Spain, formally known as the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign nation primarily situated on the Iberian Peninsula in South Europe. It also includes the archipelagos Canary Islands and Balearic Islands, along with overseas territories bordering Morocco located in North Africa. The mainland is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the south and east, except for a small land border with Gibraltar. To the north and northeast, it shares borders with France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay, while Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean lie to the west and northwest. Spain is one of only three countries, along with France and Morocco, to have coastlines on both the Atlantic and Mediterranean. The Portugal–Spain border, stretching 1,214 km (754 mi), is the longest continuous border within the European Union. The total length of the border shared by Spain is .
Borders
Spain–Portugal border
The Spain-Portugal border, commonly known as La Raya, is 1,292 kilometers long. It extends through the provinces of Pontevedra, Ourense, Zamora, Salamanca, Cáceres, Badajoz and Huelva in Spain, and the districts of Viana do Castelo, Braga, Vila Real, Bragança, Guarda, Castelo Branco, Portalegre, Évora, Beja, Faro in Portugal.
The border starts in the mouth of Minho River, and ends in the mouth of Guadiana River.
Spain-France border
The Spain-France border is 656.3 km long. It is divided in two parts, since it is interrupted by Andorra. The first part extends through the provinces of Gipuzkoa, Navarre, Huesca, Lleida and Girona in Spain, and the departments of Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Hautes-Pyrénées, Haute-Garonne, Ariège, Pyrénées-Orientales in France.
The border goes from the mouth of Bidasoa River to a cape between Cerbère and Portbou, and crosses the Pyrenees.
Spain–Andorra border
The Spain-Andorra border is 63.7 km long. It extends through the province of Lleida in Spain, and the parishes of La Massana, Andorra La Vella, Sant Julià de Lòria, Escaldes-Engordany and Encamp.
This border is a hotspot for smuggling, because of the cheapness of tobacco in Andorra.
Spain–Morocco border
The autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, and the Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera make the border with Morocco, which is 19 km long.
The borders of Ceuta and Melilla, are de facto, because between them and Morocco there is no man's land. The only real border would be the 27 meters long one in the Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera.
Spain–Gibraltar border
The Spain–Gibraltar border is 1.2 km long and connects the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar and the Spanish municipality of La Línea de la Concepción.
Crossing points
Basque Country
Province of Gipuzkoa LocationRoad or facility Fuenterrabía- Hendaye Transborder ferry Irún- Hendaye Conventional railway Irún- Hendaye Narrow-gauge railway (Euskotren) Irún- HendayeAvenida de Iparralde – Avenue d'Espagne Irún- Hendaye - Behovia- Béhobie (Urrugne) - Behovia- Biriatou -
Navarre LocationRoad or facility Vera de Bidasoa- Herboure (Urrugne) - Vera de Bidasoa- Sare - Gorosurreta (Etxalar)- Sare - Errotaxaharrea (Baztán)- Garbala (Sare)Rural track Behereko Benta (Baztán)- Harotxarenborda (Sare)Rural track Gaineko Benta (Baztán)- Martienekoborda (Sare)Rural track Galtzagorri Benta (Baztán)- Lekaienborda (Sare)Rural track Loribenta (Baztán)- Etxegaraikoborda (Sare)Rural track Dancharinea (Urdax)- Dantxaria (Ainhoa) - Erratzu (Baztán)- Baigorri - Eugi (Zubiri)- Urepel - Pallaren Borda (Baztán)- Larrategia (Urepel)Rural track - Edarreta (Valcarlos)- Karrikaburua (Lasse)Rural track Valcarlos- La Route d'Arnéguy (Arnéguy)Rural track - Valcarlos- La Route d'Arnéguy (Arnéguy)Rural track - Pekotxeta (Valcarlos)- Arnéguy - Pekotxeta (Valcarlos)- Arnéguy - Pantano de Irabia (Irati Forest)- Egurguy (Lecumberry)Rural track Izalzu- Larrau - Belagua Valley (Isaba)- Arette -
Aragon
Province of Huesca LocationRoad or facility Canfranc- Forges d'Abel (Urdos) - Canfranc- Forges d'Abel (Urdos) - Formigal (Sallent de Gállego)- Pont de Camps (Laruns) - Hospital de Parzán (Bielsa)- Aragnouet -
Catalonia
Province of Lleida LocationRoad or facility Bossost- Saint-Mamet and Bagnères-de-Luchon - Bausen- Fos - Bausen- Fos - Tor (Alins)- Pal (La Massana)Rural track - Os de Civís- Bixessarri (San Julià de Lòria)Rural track - Civís (Les Valls de Valira)- Fontaneda (San Julià de Lòria)Rural track - Arduix (Les Valls de Valira)- Sant Esteve-Mas d'Alins (San Julià de Lòria)Rural track - Anserall y La Seu d'Urgel- San Julià de Lòria -
Province of Girona LocationRoad or facility La Fleca Vella (Puigcerdá)- La Vinyola (Enveitg)Rural track - Puigcerdá- Enveitg Barcelona-Puigcerdá-France international rail line Puigcerdá- Cámping L'Aiglon (Ur) - Llívia- La Joncassa and La Prada de Càldegues (Ur) - Llívia- EstavarRural track Llívia- EstavarAvinguda dels Països Catalans – Route de Llivia Gorguja (Llívia)- Ro (Saillagouse) - Puigcerdà- Bourg-Madame - () Age- Palau de Cerdanya (Osséja) - Molló- Prats de Molló - Tapis (Maçanet de Cabrenys)- Coustouges - La Vajol- Maureillas-las-Illas - Els Límits (La Jonquera)- Le PerthusPerpignan-Barcelona high-speed rail line Els Límits (La Jonquera)- Le Perthus - Els Límits (La Jonquera)- Le Perthus - () Espolla- Banyuls-sur-MerRural route Portbou- Cerbère - Portbou- CerbèreConventional railway
Galicia
Province of Pontevedra LocationRoad or facility Camposancos (A Guarda)- CaminhaTransborder ferry Camposancos – Caminha Goián (Tomiño)- Vila Nova de Cerveira - Tui- Valença do MinhoVigo-Tui-Porto international rail line Tui- Valença do Minho - () Tui- Valença do Minho - Salvatierra de Miño- Monção - Arbo- Melgaço -
Province of Ourense LocationRoad or facility Manzalvos (La Mezquita)- Moimenta - A Esculqueira (La Mezquita)- Pinheiro NovoRural track - Barxa (La Gudiña)- QuirásRural track - Soutochao (Vilardevós)- Vilar Seco de Lomba - Terroso (Vilardevós)- Rural track Arzádegos (Vilardevós)- TravancasRural track Mandín (Verín)- Lama de ArcosRural track Feces de Abajo (Verín)- Vila Verde da Raia (Chaves) - () Rabal (Oimbra)- Vilarelho da RaiaRural track San Cibrao (Oimbra)- Vilarelho da RaiaRural track San Cibrao (Oimbra)- Cambedo (Chaves)Rural track Videferre (Oimbra)- Soutelinho da RaiaRural track A Xironda (Cualedro)- Vilar de PerdizesRural track A Xironda (Cualedro)- Santo AndréRural track Baltar- Montalegre Calvos de Randín- Tourém - Guntumil (Muiños)- TourémRural track Requiás (Muiños)- Pitões das JúniasRural track Torneiros (Lobios)- Campo do Gerês (Terras de Bouro) - Manín (Lobios)- Lindoso Guxinde (Entrimo)- Ameijoeira (Castro Laboreiro) - Xacebás (Quintela de Leirado)- Rodeiro (Castro Laboreiro)Rural track Padrenda- Alcobaça (Lamas de Mouro)Rural track - Cela de Arriba (Padrenda)- A-da-Velha (Fiães)Rural track - Cela de Abaixo (Padrenda)- Congosta (Fiães)Rural track - A Embalsada (Padrenda)- A Balsada (Fiães)Rural track - Ponte Barxas (Padrenda)- Cristoval (Melgaço) - Acivido (Padrenda)- A Cevide (Melgaço)Rural track
Castile and León
Province of Zamora LocationRoad or facility Calabor- França - Rihonor de Castilla- Rio de Onor - N 308 Riomanzanas- Guadramil ZA-P-2438 - N 308 Villarino de Manzanas- Petisqueira Vía local - M 1039 San Martín del Pedroso- Quintanilha - - Villarino Tras La Sierra- Trabazos - M 542 Alcañices- Avelanoso - M 546 Moveros-Constantim - M 1201 Brandilanes- Ifanes - M 542 Castro de Alcañices- Paradela - M 542-1 Torregamones- Miranda do Douro - N 218 Fermoselle- Bemposta - N 221-7
Province of Salamanca
Extremadura
Province of Cáceres
Province of Badajoz
Andalusia
Province of Huelva LocationRoad or Facility Encinasola- Barrancos – Rosal de la Frontera- Sobral da AdiçaRural track Rosal de la Frontera- Vila Verde de Ficalho - Paymogo- São Marcos (Vila Nova de São Bento) - Rural track Santa Catalina (El Granado)- Pomarão (Santana de Cambas) - Rural track Ayamonte- Castro Marim - A 22 () Ayamonte- Vila Real de Santo António Transborder ferry
Province of Cádiz LocationRoad or facility La Línea de la Concepción- Gibraltar - Winston Churchill Avenue
Ceuta LocationRoad or facility Benzú- Beliones - Ceuta- Fnideq -
Melilla LocationRoad or Facility Melilla- Beni AnsarAvenida de Europa – Melilla- Haddú - Rural track Melilla- Farkhana - Rural track Melilla- Idoudouhen - Rural track
References