This list contains various lists of state leaders, defined as heads of state and/or heads of government. This list typically includes presidents, prime ministers or monarchs.

General List of current heads of state and government List of current state leaders by date of assumption of office Lists of office-holders List of elected or appointed female heads of state or government List of longest-reigning monarchs List of current reigning monarchs by length of reign List of state leaders by age List of longest-living state leaders List of oldest living state leaders List of openly LGBTQ state leaders List of heads of state by diplomatic precedence List of state leaders who died in office List of state leaders who have been in exile List of state leaders who died in aviation accidents and incidents List of heads of state and government educated in the United States List of heads of state and government who were sentenced to death List of heads of state and government who were later imprisoned List of heads of state and government Nobel laureates List of state leaders deposed by foreign powers in the 20th and 21st century List of state leaders who died by suicide List of heads of the executive by approval rating

By century

3rd millennium

Current heads of state and government 2020s 2010s 2000s

2nd millennium

20th century (1951–2000) 20th century (1901–1950) 20th-century British South Asia 19th century (1851–1900) 19th century (1801–1850) 19th-century Holy Roman Empire 19th-century British South Asia 18th century 18th-century Holy Roman Empire 18th-century British South Asia 17th century 17th-century Holy Roman Empire 17th-century South Asia 16th century 16th-century Holy Roman Empire 16th-century South Asia 15th century 15th-century Holy Roman Empire 15th-century South Asia 14th century 14th-century Holy Roman Empire 13th century 13th-century Holy Roman Empire 12th century 12th-century Holy Roman Empire 11th century 11th-century Holy Roman Empire

1st millennium 10th century 10th-century Holy Roman Empire 9th century 8th century 7th century 6th century 5th century 4th century 3rd century 2nd century 1st century

BC

1st century BC 2nd century BC 3rd century BC 4th century BC 5th century BC 6th century BC 7th century BC 8th century BC 9th century BC 10th century BC 11th century BC 12th century BC 13th century BC 14th century BC 15th century BC 16th century BC 17th century BC 18th century BC 19th century BC 20th century BC 4th and 3rd millennia BC