Lopukhov (, from лопух meaning burdock) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Lopukhova. Notable people with the surname include:
Fyodor Lopukhov (1886–1973), Russian ballet choreographer Lydia Lopokova (née Lopukhova, 1892–1981), Russian ballerina, sister of Fyodor Stanislav Lopukhov (born 1972), Russian swimmer
See also Lopukhin