2016 Mongolian parliamentary election

Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 29 June 2016.Government and politics Embassy of Mongolia to the United States of America The governing Democratic Party (DP) lost to a landslide victory of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP), retaining only nine of 76 seats in the State Great Khural.

Although the DP's vote share was down by just two percentage points, a new electoral law promoting a two-party system was passed by the party while in government, which allowed the MPP vote share to rise by around 14 percentage points. The DP lost 22 out of their previous 31 seats in the State Great Khural. As a result, the MPP secured a supermajority with 65 of 76 seats.

Electoral system In the 2012 elections, the 76 members of the State Great Khural were elected by a parallel system; 48 were elected from single-member constituencies and 28 from a nationwide constituency by proportional representation. However, on 5 May 2016, the electoral law was amended to remove the proportional representation seats.Mongolia's new election rules handicap smaller parties, clear way for two-horse race Reuters, 20 May 2016 The changes were expected to marginalise smaller parties, and also removed the right of 150,000 Mongolian expatriates to vote, as they could not be registered in a specific constituency.

All 76 seats of the State Great Khural were to be elected from 76 single-member constituencies. The winning candidate had to receive at least 28% of the valid votes to be elected; if not, a by-election would be held. Voter turnout had to be at least 50% in a constituency for the result to be valid.Electoral system IPU

Campaign

Pre-election composition Prior to the election, the outgoing 6th State Greal Khural initially had three political parties, one coalition, and three independents in 2012. By June 2016, the number of parties in parliament increased to six with the foundation of the Sovereignty and Unity Party and the breakdown of the Justice Coalition.

Contesting parties On 30 April, a total of 13 parties and 3 coalitions submitted their materials to the General Election Commission (GEC) to participate in the elections. The Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP), which was part of the Justice Coalition with the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and part of the government coalition, did not contest the election and instead formally supported the DP. Alongwith the MNDP, the Motherland Party also stated it will endorse the DP to the GEC.

The Civil Will–Green Party (CWGP), which won two seats in 2012 and was part of the government coalition, was barred from running due to irregularities in its paperwork on May 3. The newly formed National Labour Party was also prevented from running, with its leader, Surenkhuugiin Borgil, standing as an independent instead. The CWGP was later reinstated on the parliamentary ballot on June 7 and the regional election ballot on June 9 via a Supreme Court decision.

12 parties and 3 coalitions were approved by the GEC to contest the elections. A total of 498 candidates registered to contest the elections, with the Democratic Party and Mongolian People's Party being the only parties to contest all 76 seats.GEC presented the credentials to 498 candidates for the State Great Hural election 2016 Central Elections Committee Out of the 498 candidates, 69 of them were independents. PartyTotalMongolian People's Party76Democratic Party76Sovereignty and Unity (MGP, Sovereignty and Unity Party)9Civil Will–Green Party15Mongolian Traditional United Party11Khan Choice (Development Programme Party, Mongolian Liberal Party)9Republican Party36Mongolian Social Democratic Party17Freedom Implementing Party9Civil Movement Party27Mongolian Democratic Movement Party3Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party71United Patriots Coalition (United Patriots Party, All Mongolians Labour Party)9Mongol Conservative Party13Love the People Party13Independents69Total498

Opinion polls Opinion polls conducted by the Sant Maral Foundation and the MEC Barometer suggested that around half of Mongolian voters were undecided about whom to vote for in the 2016 election. The MPP was expected to win a small plurality over the DP, whilst the MPRP was predicted to come third. A survey, conducted by the Sant Maral Foundation in March 2016, revealed that it was likely for the National Labour Party to win a seat with around 5% polling in Ulaanbaatar and 3.4% nationwide. Polling firmFieldwork dateSample sizeMPPDPMPRPMNDPCWGPNLPOther/MECNov 20141,00015.027.06.01.0––15.0–36.0MECDec 20141,00018.027.04.01.0––13.0–37.0MECJan 20151,00018.024.09.02.0––10.0–37.0MECFeb 20151,00016.018.08.02.0––19.0–38.0MECMar 20151,00018.016.09.01.0––21.0–36.0Sant Maral1,200 21.618.310.50.92.4–1.8–13.431.1MECApr 20151,00019.012.011.02.0––18.0–37.0MECMay 20151,00014.015.07.01.0––12.0–51.0MECJul 20151,00016.018.011.02.0––14.0–40.0MECSept 20151,00018.014.010.02.0––16.0–40.0MECOct 20151,00016.018.09.02.0––14.0–41.0MEC1,00218.019.07.0––3.0–––53.0Sant Maral1,500 20.917.310.50.41.43.410.70.412.532.8MEC1,00210.013.06.0––5.06.0––60.02016 election – 45.133.18.0–0.5–7.36.0––

Results The opposition Mongolian People's Party won a supermajority of 65 seats, whilst the governing Democratic Party retained only 9 of its previous 34 seats. Incumbent prime minister Chimediin Saikhanbileg and party chairman, parliamentary speaker Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold were among the unseated Democratic Party MPs. The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and independent, popular folk singer Samadyn Javkhlan each won a single seat in the State Great Khural.

The 239 votes cast for the MPRP candidate in constituency 11 (Gobi-Altai) and the 595 votes cast for an independent candidate in constituency 58 (Khan-Uul) were annulled.

Results by constituency 2016 Mongolian parliamentary election results by constituency Province Constituency MPP DP MPRP SU RP CMP UPP IZNN MSDP LPP MTUP Khaan MCP FIP MDMP Ind. Invalid ElectorateArkhangai 1 9,817 6,434 167 96 400 86 20,7012 7,036 4,816 945 406391 102 18,8423 9,704 5,252 886 144 19,995Bayan-Ölgii 4 8,441 7,992 155 19,3235 8,143 7,129 597 107 19,2936 6,880 7,251 924 119 17,921Bayankhongor 7 7,138 6,491 216 240 73 17,2718 6,845 6,747 344 200 108 17,9139 7,900 7,679 226 188 89 20,425Bulgan 10 16,329 10,293 1,595 1,230 222 39,490Govi-Altai 11 14,439 9,814 1,5171,1851,070 405 35,501Govisümber andDornogovi 12 8,900 6,040 777 171 222 20,74413 15,606 5,543 778 425 291 31,150Dornod 14 8,964 7,311 2,073 222 25,34815 8,094 4,454 749 90 1,8911,735 77 24,092Dundgovi 16 6,437 6,559 3,115 971 2,9631,408921 127 29,659Zavkhan 17 8,466 8,599 2,500 116 453242 47 23,89418 6,643 7,077 425 3,232 55 21,476Övörkhangai 19 10,139 6,932 1,058 482 223 274 161 25,23920 9,655 2,994 449 114 1,527402 123 21,64321 9,391 7,158 404 3,196 155 25,434Ömnögovi 22 7,434 6,640 1,036 97 20,49023 6,912 6,847 867 91 20,341Sükhbaatar 24 16,133 14,402 435 234 207 38,692Selenge 25 7,616 6,550 679 323 242 1,371127 72 23,76326 7,962 4,319 3,962 777 370 24,53927 6,466 7,145 1,730 177 20,402Töv 28 8,289 4,278 1,000 526 141 18,99029 7,896 4,053 1,779 172 19,00730 8,154 6,463 2,371 205 22,452Uvs 31 8,358 7,737 101 58 43 19,23132 8,021 5,648 94 16,57433 7,611 5,532 217 66 16,085Khovd 34 4,050 4,342 368 105 101 2,296 31 14,00235 6,602 5,370 1,356 67 132 33 16,72336 7,914 7,757 453 193 53 20,693Khövsgöl 37 10,711 7,290 362 106 528 163 127 26,57738 14,291 7,218 440 332 136 30,90739 12,075 7,691 547 249 141 27,436Khentii 40 6,623 4,885 309 139 15,56241 6,232 4,246 436 724 86 73 14,73542 5,841 5,426 1,050 162 16,619Darkhan-Uul 43 6,553 3,128 452 852 4,365 127 91 21,87644 6,716 3,640 2,145 537 171 443 124 596 58 20,25045 6,320 4,209 1,399 2,609 132 21,159Orkhon 46 5,751 3,413 3,112 660 284 2,706 115 22,56947 2,882 3,188 4,222 100 1,034 2,723 44 62 373 54 20,66348 4,725 4,628 1,830 208 2,875 577 102 21,525Ulaanbaatar 49 7,616 6,282 2,357 1,619 547 310 806 93 2,998682254254 143 34,79250 11,408 7,461 1,434 1,145 749 309 234 119 29,80451 8,660 4,784 2,446 531 1,060 160 422 287 1,947 386 114 48 564395 129 32,61352 8,985 7,755 2,471 763 492 516 534 239 100 166 3,430 234 37,40853 7,677 8,491 1,616 727 794 279 213 183 545317173160 127 29,96254 6,574 4,105 1,283 684 254 107 301 55 152 149 11,0291,56092 162 37,18255 6,331 5,548 2,296 247 654 2,224 98 178 94 29 537450 90 25,39556 9,648 5,517 1,006 427 410 503 2,562138 75 26,02157 4,318 5,296 1,667 649 367 127 274 178 401 3,658749 163 24,33358 5,688 5,174 2,308 292 333 398 230 1,190 725 22,46759 8,043 5,084 1,202 474 611 101 228 1,634 66 22,91460 8,299 5,146 1,197 407 918 104 183 189 660597 111 24,62061 7,340 5,570 1,464 726 496 219 710 77 165 24,36662 8,233 7,834 1,621 419 847 432 2,170 170 374 427 193 31,71963 12,704 7,548 3,548 1,081 672 144 564 723 1,168 619 422 713662 222 41,27164 6,590 4,804 2,192 947 430 1,011 65 180 515 482 193 25,55965 6,058 3,479 2,194 1,161 350 142 265 110 97 83 1,3951,016628290 149 25,87266 6,844 4,713 2,485 3,571 546 643 236 178 1,412 250 31,77467 9,268 8,295 3,139 941 890 283 491 331 255 699426 103 34,19368 10,614 6,661 1,731 1,539 939 492 130 30,70269 6,190 7,477 1,797 670 561 657 3339628 128 29,22970 7,672 6,687 1,281 366 461 765 146 136 5,553 97 30,89971 9,241 5,166 2,127 4,392 730 272 73 68 100916694 79 31,86372 9,486 5,753 2,436 264 467 177 330 49 83 356 501250 107 28,08973 9,577 4,132 2,014 478 1,351 306 48 191 92 70 126 25,86274 8,106 5,659 3,455 701 390 2,545 507 80 734 283 174 33,29975 9,673 6,277 7,360 527 928 188 79 258 800 213 36,89576 12,190 7,883 2,844 633 328 323 198 34,728Total 636,138 467,191 112,850 35,394 23,118 12,264 11,826 6,568 5,308 4,229 3,283 2,794 2,055 1,804 432 84,609 10,943 1,911,047

References