HMS Minerva was an protected cruiser built for the Royal Navy in the mid-1890s.
Construction and operational history The ship was laid down at Chatham Dockyard, Kent, on 4 December 1893, and was floated out on 23 September 1895.The Times (London), Tuesday, 24 September 1895, p. 8
Pre-1914 HMS Minerva served in the Channel Squadron after her launch. She again served in the Channel Squadron from March 1901, including as guard ship at Cowes in early 1902. . At the 1901 Census of England and Wales she was recorded as being at Gibraltar with the Training Squadron. She was used in the spring of 1902 for a series of trials to compare her cylindrical boilers with the Belleville boilers of HMS Hyacinth, with the performance of the boilers being compared at various powers in tests in the English Channel, followed by long sea runs to the Mediterranean Sea and back. While the Belleville water-tube boilers of Hyacinth proved to be more efficient than Minervas cylindrical boilers, and lighter, but on the long runs to and from the Mediterranean, Hyacinths boilers proved prone to leaks, and suffered a burst boiler tube.Brassey 1902, pp. 165–173. The results of these and similar trials led to the use of Belleville boilers in new construction to be stopped.Brown 2003, p. 165.
She took part in the fleet review held at Spithead on 16 August 1902 for the coronation of King Edward VII, and visited the Aegean Sea with other ships of the Channel squadron and Mediterranean Fleet for combined manoeuvres in September and early October 1902, returning to Chatham on 20 October. Captain Doveton Sturdee was appointed in command on 17 October 1902.
The ship was present at the relief operations in Sicily after the great earthquake and tsunami in the Strait of Messina, 28 December 1908. The crew qualified for the Medal of Merit for Participation in the Relief of the Earthquake in Calabria and Sicily, instituted by the King of Italy Vittorio Emanuele III."Awards granted for service after the Messina Earthquake 1908". North East Medals. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
Minerva transferred from the Mediterranean to the United Kingdom in 1912, taking part in the rescue attempts when the submarine was sunk in a collision in October 1912.Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 15.
First World War
On the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914, Minerva was part of the 11th Cruiser Squadron based in Ireland, but was detached to join the 5th Cruiser Squadron in September, with the responsibility of intercepting enemy merchant shipping trying to return to Germany or Austria. During these operations it captured and scuttled the Austrian merchant ship Bathori off Vigo, in North-West Spain on 3 September 1914.Rickard, J. "HMS Minerva". historyofwar.org. 11 November 2007. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
Minerva escorted a troop convoy from Britain to Egypt in November 1914, and formed part of the Allied naval forces supporting the Gallipoli Campaign. When the Turkish torpedo-boat Demirhisar attempted to attack Allied troop ships near Chios on 16 April 1915, Minerva, together with the destroyers Jed, Kennet and Wear, forced Demirhisar to run aground, where the Turkish torpedo boat was later destroyed.Gardiner and Gray 1985, p. 392. Minerva supported the landing at Cape Helles in April and at Suvla Bay in August.
Minerva was deployed to the China Station in 1916, and then to the Indian Ocean and Red Sea in 1917, then remaining off East Africa until the end of the war. She returned to Queenstown, Ireland in 1920, and was sold for scrapping on 5 October 1920.Gardiner and Gray 1985, pp. 14–15.
Footnotes
References Brassey, T. A. The Naval Annual 1902. Portsmouth, UK: J Griffin and Co, 1902. Brown, D. K. Warrior to Dreadnought: Warship Development 1860–1905. . London: Caxton Editions, 2003. . Chesneau, Roger and Eugene M. Kolesnik. Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905. London: Conway's Maritime Press, 1979. . Gardiner, Robert and Randal Gray, (eds). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921. London: Conway Maritime Press, 1985. . Hythe, Viscount. The Naval Annual 1912. Portsmouth, UK: J Griffin, 1912.
Moore, John. Jane's Fighting Ships of World War I. London:Studio, 1990. .
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