The Nobel Prize has been award to Italians a total of 21 times .
The Nobel Prize is a set of annual international awards bestowed on "those who conferred the greatest benefit on humankind" in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, Peace, and Economic Sciences, instituted by Alfred Nobel's last will, which specified that a part of his fortune be used to create the prizes. Each laureate (recipient) receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation. They are widely recognized as one of the most prestigious honours awarded in the aforementioned fields.
First instituted in 1901, the Nobel Prize has been awarded to a total of 965 individuals and 27 organizations . Among them, 21 Italian nationals have been honored with the Nobel Prize.
The latest Italian laureate is Giorgio Parisi, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2021. Two women received the award: Grazia Deledda in 1926, and Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1986.
Laureates + Year Image Laureate Born Died Field Rationale 1906 in Corteno in Pavia Physiology or Medicine "in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system"prize shared with Santiago Ramón y Cajal 1906 in Valdicastello in BolognaLiterature"not only in consideration of his deep learning and critical research, but above all as a tribute to the creative energy, freshness of style, and lyrical force which characterize his poetic masterpieces" 1907 in Milan, Austrian Empire in MilanPeace"for his work in the press and in peace meetings, both public and private, for an understanding between France and Italy"prize shared with Louis Renault 1909 in Bologna in RomePhysics"in recognition of their contributions to the development of wireless telegraphy"prize shared with Karl Ferdinand Braun 1926 in Nuoro in RomeLiterature"for her idealistically inspired writings which with plastic clarity picture the life on her native island and with depth and sympathy deal with human problems in general" 1934 in Agrigento in RomeLiterature"for his bold and ingenious revival of dramatic and scenic art" 1938 in Romesince 1944 also American citizen in Chicago, USAPhysics"for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation, and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons" 1957 in Neuchâtel, Switzerlandacquired Italian citizenship in 1947 or 1948 in RomePhysiology or Medicine"for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles" 1959 in Tivolisince 1944 also American citizen in Lafayette, USAPhysics"for their discovery of the antiproton"prize shared with Owen Chamberlain 1959 in Modica in NaplesLiterature"for his lyrical poetry, which with classical fire expresses the tragic experience of life in our own times" 1963 in Imperia in BergamoChemistry"for their discoveries in the field of the chemistry and technology of high polymers"prize shared with Karl Ziegler 1969 in Turinsince 1947 also American citizen in Lexington, USAPhysiology or Medicine"for their discoveries concerning the replication mechanism and the genetic structure of viruses"prize shared with Max Delbrück and Alfred D. Hershey 1975 in Catanzarosince 1953 also American citizen in La Jolla, USAPhysiology or Medicine"for their discoveries concerning the interaction between tumour viruses and the genetic material of the cell"prize shared with David Baltimore and Howard Martin Temin 1975 in Genoa in MilanLiterature"for his distinctive poetry which, with great artistic sensitivity, has interpreted human values under the sign of an outlook on life with no illusions" 1984 in Gorizia—Physics"for their decisive contributions to the large project, which led to the discovery of the field particles W and Z, communicators of weak interaction"prize shared with Simon van der Meer 1985 in Romesince 1946 also American citizen in Cambridge, USAEconomics"for his pioneering analyses of saving and of financial markets" 1986 in Turin in RomePhysiology or Medicine"for their discoveries of growth factors"prize shared with Stanley Cohen 1997 in Leggiuno-Sangiano in MilanLiterature"who emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden" 2002 in Genoasince 1960 also American citizen in La JollaPhysics"for pioneering contributions to astrophysics, which have led to the discovery of cosmic X-ray sources"prize shared with Raymond Davis Jr. and Masatoshi Koshiba 2007 in Veronalater naturalized American—Physiology or Medicine"for their discoveries of principles for introducing specific gene modifications in mice by the use of embryonic stem cells"prize shared with Martin J. Evans and Oliver Smithies 2021 in Rome—Physics"for the discovery of the interplay of disorder and fluctuations in physical systems from atomic to planetary scales"prize shared with Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann
See also
List of Italians List of Nobel laureates by country
Notes
References