Sir Ronald Michael Sanders (born 26 January 1948) is an Antiguan Barbudan diplomat, academic, former broadcast-journalist, and the current Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the United States and to the Organization of American States (OAS) since 2015. He holds the unique distinction of being the first person, since the OAS enlarged its membership in 1962, to serve as Chairman of the Permanent Council of the OAS for an unprecedented three terms. He completed his highly successful third term on 31 December 2023, having played a widely recognized role in guiding the work of the Permanent Council in the peaceful transition of government in Guatemala on 14 January 2024.
In January 2026, Sir Ronald was appointed as the 11th Chancellor of the University of Guyana, the nation’s premier tertiary institution. Sir Ronald's installation ceremony as Chancellor was held on 13 February 2026 at the University's Turkeyan campus in Guyana. The University's Council has described the appointment as "a historic milestone for the University as it welcomes a diplomat of international stature to lead its highest governing body." Guyana's President Irfaan Ali emphasized that this unique blend of diplomacy and scholarship positions Sir Ronald to advance the University’s evolving role, stating that his "experience in multilateral diplomacy, scholarship on small states, and sustained engagement with leading global policy institutions reflect a depth of intellect, credibility, and international respect that will further enhance the academic stature and global reach of the University of Guyana".
Since the beginning of the Russian war against Ukraine, which started in February 2022, he has been one of the few Caribbean voices advocating for Ukraine, calling for the protection of its territorial integrity and sovereignty, which led to him being awarded the Order of Merit of Ukraine by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on 24 August 2025.
He is also the non-resident High Commissioner to Canada since 2017. He served twice as Antigua's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom (1983–1987, 1996–2004) as well as ambassador to the World Trade Organization (WTO) (1997–2004). He was a member and Rapporteur of the Commonwealth Eminent Persons Group (2010–2011) that produced a seminal report entitled, "A Commonwealth of the People: Time for Urgent Reform", which laid out a plan of action to make the Commonwealth effective and relevant. He was Antigua and Barbuda's nominee to be secretary general of the Commonwealth at the election held at the 2015 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting. He is a senior research fellow (on leave) at the Institute of Commonwealth Studies, University of London, and a senior fellow (on leave) at Massey College at the University of Toronto.
He is a speaker at conventions and conferences on global financial services issues and on Latin America and Caribbean states in the global political-economy and the Commonwealth.
Background Sanders was born in Guyana. He has a master's degree in international relations from the University of Sussex in the United Kingdom and attended Boston University in the United States. He was also a visiting fellow at Queen Elizabeth House, Oxford University in the United Kingdom (1987–1988).
Sanders was a successful broadcaster in the 1970s, becoming general manager of the Guyana Broadcasting Service in 1973 at the early age of 25. Simultaneously, he helped to found the Caribbean Broadcasting Union, and the Caribbean News Agency, serving on the Executive of both bodies. He also served as the youngest elected member of the Executive Board of UNESCO and the first person from a micro state (1983-1985) to do so. Having been one of the first Caribbean negotiators with the OECD on its "Harmful Tax Policy" in 1990, he went on to become the chairman of the Caribbean Financial Action Task Force against drug trafficking and money laundering. Since 2010, he has been a member of "The Friends of the Democratic Charter", a group of leading personalities from Latin America and the Caribbean, established by former US President Jimmy Carter, to oversee compliance with the Inter-American Democratic Charter.
Between 2002–2004, Sanders was Antigua and Barbuda's chief foreign affairs representative. He holds the distinction of being the only representative of a small state to lead a successful trade dispute at the World Trade Organization.
In 2004, a World Trade Organization arbitration panel found in favour of the arguments he led as Antigua and Barbuda's ambassador in a case against the United States of America over cross-border access for Internet gaming and a violation of the General Agreement on Trade in Services.
Commonwealth Secretary General Elections 2015 Sanders was perceived to be the frontrunner to become the 6th Commonwealth Secretary-General and was backed by the majority of CARICOM nations heading into a meeting of Commonwealth Heads of Government in Malta in November 2015. There were three candidates: Sanders, proposed by Antigua and Barbuda with the support of the majority of Caribbean countries; Baroness Patricia Scotland, a member of the British House of Lords and a former British government minister, nominated by Dominica where she was born and backed by the British government; and Mmasekgoa Masire-Mwamba, of Botswana, a former Deputy Secretary-General of the Commonwealth Secretariat.
Sanders' campaign for the post was torpedoed the day before the election by a story in British newspaper The Daily Telegraph that had been touted to other media but rejected by them. The story was based on an eleven-year old, unsubstantiated allegation made in an unpublished report by the political party then in office in Antigua and Barbuda. At the time, the allegations were roundly condemned by lawyers in the region. The story also paid scant attention to a published letter in June 2015 by the police commissioner of Antigua and Barbuda saying that the police had no interest in Sir Ronald and that Antigua's director of public prosecutions had ruled that the allegations against him were “seriously defective” and “disclose no offence”. In the end, both Sanders and Masire-Mwamba lost to Patricia Scotland.
Sanders went on to continue his diplomatic career as Antigua and Barbuda's ambassador to the United States and the Organization of American States (OAS).
University of London Inquiry into Commonwealth Studies In January 2021, Sanders was again pressed into Commonwealth Service when he was appointed by the Vice Chancellor of the University of London to serve as a member and rapporteur of a committee to conduct an inquiry into the future of Commonwealth Studies at the University. The committee presented its report in July 2021 and all of its recommendations, particularly to maintain Commonwealth Studies, were accepted by the University Council.
Representation at the Organization of American States In August 2015, Sanders was appointed as Antigua and Barbuda's ambassador to the United States and the Organization of American States (OAS). From January to April 2016, he served a highly praised period as Chair of the Permanent Council of the 34-member Organization of American States. The Permanent Council is the decision-making body responsible for the affairs of the OAS between meetings of foreign ministers of the member countries. In January/February 2016, he also led a Special OAS mission to Haiti that helped to solve a constitutional and political impasse that threatened violence and political disruption; a role for which he is highly regarded within Haiti and by the Haitian diaspora.
In April 2021, Sanders was appointed Vice Chair of the OAS Permanent Council for a three-month term. After the sudden death of Chair Elisa Ruiz Díaz, he served as Chair for the remainder of the term. On 1 October 2023, he assumed the Chair of the Permanent Council of the OAS for a historic third term, which ended on 31 December 2023. He held several Special Meetings of the Permanent Council on challenges being experienced in the Americas such as climate change, irregular migration, guns, gangs, and violence, in addition to other issues of democracy and security confronting the Member States of the OAS, particularly Guatemala. In the latter case, he played an important role in ensuring that the Government of Guatemala cooperated with the OAS Permanent Council and the Secretary-General of the Organization, leading to a peaceful transition of government on 14 January 2024.
Role in Guatemala 2023-2024 In December 2023, Guatemalan President Alejandro Giammattei Falla requested Ambassador Sanders, as Chair of the OAS Permanent Council, to visit Guatemala in the company of OAS Secretary General Luis Almagro to hold discussions on the leadership transition process in the country. The transition process was contentious due to efforts by Guatemala’s Public Ministry to overturn the results of the first and second round of elections held on 25 June 2023 and 20 August 2023, respectively. In these elections, the majority voted for Bernardo Arévalo as President and Karin Herrera as Vice President to take office on 14 January 2024. The official visit to Guatemala occurred between 15–16 December 2023. Along with the Secretary General, Sanders held discussions with President Giammattei, senior judges of Guatemala’s Constitutional Court and Vice President-Elect Karin Herrera. Sanders delivered his report on 20 December 2023 to the Permanent Council, and announced, among other things, that the Government of Guatemala had agreed to invite a good offices mission of representatives from the Permanent Council to visit Guatemala, under Article 18 of the Inter-American Democratic Charter.
Subsequently, a group of five ambassadors from the Permanent Council of the OAS, including Sanders, visited Guatemala from 12 January to 14 January 2024 to hold meetings with relevant stakeholders and to attend the inauguration ceremony of President Bernardo Arévalo and Vice President Karin Herrera on 14 January 2024. Sanders participated in meetings with judges of Guatemala’s Constitutional Court, the Human Rights Ombudsman, the president of the Supreme Court of Justice, the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mario Búcaro, President-elect Bernardo Arévalo, members of the 48 Cantones and other indigenous and ancestral authorities, and members of the Coordinating Committee of Agricultural, Commercial, Industrial, and Financial Associations (CACIF). Sanders’ role in helping to guide Guatemala to a peaceful transition of government was praised by key players in Guatemala, including the foreign minister, Mario Búcaro Flores who, on 21 December 2023, expressed “heartfelt appreciation” for Sanders’ “exceptional leadership as Chair of the Permanent Council”, saying “your guidance has been instrumental in addressing critical issues and advancing the wellbeing of our citizens”.
Service to Antigua and Barbuda since 1978 Sir Ronald is one of only two surviving members of the three delegations from Antigua and Barbuda that participated in the Antigua and Barbuda Constitutional Conference with the British Government at Lancaster House, London in December 1980. Earlier, along with then Minister of External Affairs Lester Bird (later, Sir Lester) he had drafted the Memorandum to the British Government petitioning for Antigua and Barbuda’s independence, and participated in talks with the British Foreign Office Minister, responsible for the Caribbean, Nicholas Ridley.