Takasugi (written: 高杉) is a Japanese surname meaning "tall cedar". Notable people with the surname include:
Takasugi Shinsaku (1839–1867), samurai Mahiro Takasugi (born 1996), Japanese actor Nao Takasugi (1922–2009), American politician Robert Mitsuhiro Takasugi (1930–2009), United States federal judge of Japanese descent Ryota Takasugi (born 1984), Japanese football player , Japanese actress Satomi Takasugi (born 1985), Japanese pop singer, race queen, and former gravure idol Tricia Takasugi (born 1961), Japanese-American general assignment reporter