The following railroads operate in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.
Common freight carriers Aliquippa and Ohio River Railroad (AOR) Genesee & Wyoming Allegheny Valley Railroad (AVR) Allentown and Auburn Railroad (ALLN) BD Highspire Holdings (BDHH) Belvidere and Delaware River Railway (BDRV) Brandywine Valley Railroad (BVRY) Buffalo and Pittsburgh Railroad (BPRR) (Genesee & Wyoming) Canadian National Railway (CN) through subsidiary Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad (BLE) Canadian Pacific Kansas City (CPKC) through subsidiary Delaware and Hudson Railway (DH) Central New York Railroad (CNYK) Chestnut Ridge Railroad (CHR) Columbia and Reading Railway (CORY) Conrail Shared Assets Operations (CRR) operates Philadelphia Belt Line Railroad (PBL) CSX (CSX) Delaware-Lackawanna Railroad (DL) East Erie Commercial Railroad (EEC) East Penn Railroad (ESPN) (Regional Rail, LLC) Elizabethtown Industrial Railroad (EZR) Everett Railroad (EV) Gettysburg and Northern Railroad (GET) Juniata Valley Railroad (JVRR) North Shore Railroad) Kasgro Rail Lines (KRL) Kiski Junction Railroad (KJR) Landisville Railroad (LVR) Lehigh Railway (LRWY) Lehigh Valley Rail Management (LVRB, LVRC, LVRJ) Luzerne and Susquehanna Railway (LS) Lycoming Valley Railroad (LVRR) (North Shore Railroad (Pennsylvania)) Maryland Midland Railway (MMID) (Genesee & Wyoming) Middletown & Hummelstown Railroad (MIDH) New Castle Industrial Railroad (NCIR) New Hope Railroad (NHRR) New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway (NYSW) Nittany and Bald Eagle Railroad (NBER) (North Shore Railroad (Pennsylvania)) Norfolk Southern (NS) NDC Railroad (NDC) North Shore Railroad (NSHR) Oil Creek and Titusville Railroad (OCTL) Pennsylvania & Southern Railway (PSCC) Pennsylvania Northeastern Railroad (PN) Pennsylvania Southwestern Railroad (PSWR) Pittsburgh, Allegheny and McKees Rocks Railroad (PAM) Pittsburgh and Ohio Central Railroad (POHC) (Genesee & Wyoming) Reading Blue Mountain and Northern Railroad (RBMN) R.J. Corman Railroad/Allentown Line (RJCN) R.J. Corman Railroad/Pennsylvania Lines (RJCP) Shamokin Valley Railroad (SVRR) (North Shore Railroad (Pennsylvania)) SMS Rail Lines (SRL) Operates Penn Jersey Rail Lines Southwest Pennsylvania Railroad (SWP) Strasburg Railroad (SRC) Tyburn Railroad (TYBR) (Regional Rail, LLC) Union Railroad (URR) Union County Industrial Railroad (UCIR) (North Shore Railroad (Pennsylvania)) Upper Merion & Plymouth Railroad (UMP) Wellsboro and Corning Railroad (WCOR) (Genesee & Wyoming) Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad (WNYP) Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway (WE) York Railway (YRC) (Genesee and Wyoming) Operates Maryland and Pennsylvania Railroad (Genesee & Wyoming) and Yorkrail Youngstown and Southeastern Railroad (YSRR)
Private freight carriers Cumberland Mine Railroad Alpha Natural Resources Conshohocken Recycling and Rail Transfer, Inc (CRRT) Juniata Terminal Company (JTFS) Leetsdale Industrial Terminal Railway (LIT)
Passenger carriers
Allentown and Auburn Railroad (heritage railroad) Amtrak (AMTK) (national passenger rail) CamTran (Johnstown mass transit agency operates Johnstown Inclined Plane) Colebrookdale Railroad (heritage railroad) Delaware Lackawanna RailRoad East Broad Top Railroad and Coal Company Fayette Central Railroad (tourist trains operating over Southwest Pennsylvania Railroad trackage) Kiski Junction Railroad (working railroad that also operates tourist trains) Lehigh Gorge Scenic Railway (heritage railroad) Lehigh Lackawanna RailRoad Middletown and Hummelstown Railroad (working railroad, but with emphasis on tourist trains) New Hope Railroad (working railroad that also operates tourist trains) New Jersey Transit Rail Operations (Atlantic City Line commuter train travels from Philadelphia) Oil Creek and Titusville Lines (working railroad, but with emphasis on tourist trains) Pioneer Lines Scenic Railway (heritage railroad) Port Authority of Allegheny County (Pittsburgh mass transit agency that operates The T light rail, the Monongahela Incline, and the Duquesne Incline) Port Authority Transit Corporation (Bi-state authority operates Philadelphia-Camden County subway line) SEPTA (Philadelphia mass transit agency that operates SEPTA Regional Rail commuter lines, the Philadelphia Subway, and a variety of suburban light rail lines) Strasburg Railroad (heritage railroad) Tioga Central Railroad (heritage railroad) Wanamaker, Kempton and Southern Railroad (heritage railroad) West Chester Railroad (heritage railroad)
Museums and historic sites Allegheny Portage Railroad Howard Tunnel Electric City Trolley Museum Gallitzin Tunnel Horseshoe Curve Mars Station, Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Trolley Museum Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania Reading Company Technical & Historical Society Rockhill Trolley Museum Steamtown National Historic Site Western Pennsylvania Model Railroad Museum
Defunct railroads