Nakielska Street is a street in Bydgoszcz, Poland. It starts from downtown settlements to the limits of the city towards Nakło nad Notecią.
Location Nakielska street extends east–west, from Grunwaldzka roundabout and junction with Focha Street to the intersection with Łochowska street near the western border of Bydgoszcz. Its length is about 5.4 km. The street is one of the main thoroughfares leading to the center of Bydgoszcz, connecting the western neighborhoods of the city situated on the south side of Bydgoszcz Canal.
History
Nakielska Street is an old road connecting Bydgoszcz to Nakło nad Notecią on the west of the city. An early 19th century map of Bydgoszcz shows a path roughly matching today's street, which runs through the several estates: Wilczak, Miedzyń and the "Prondy colony". The path then led through Łochowo, Gorzeń, a bridge on Bydgoszcz Canal's 9th lock to Nakło nad Notecią.Karte von Ost-Preussen nebst Preussisch Litthauen und West-Preussen nebst dem Netzdistrict aufgenommen unter Leitung des Preuss. Staats Minister Herrn von Schroetter in den Jahren von 1796 bis 1802 As such, the side plots of the future Nakielska Street comprised large farm lands.
An 1857 map of Bydgoszcz shows the path beginning at the intersection with Holy Trinity Street (then Berliner Strasse) next to the bridge over the canal,Plan von Bromberg und Umgegend zwischen der Weichsel und Netze sowie den Königl. Oberförstereien Wtelno u. Glinke. Berlin 1857, skala 1:25000 then entering the western suburban city of Prinzenthal. In 1872, a railway viaduct was built over the street for the line to Inowrocław (in 1897, the line extended to Żnin and, in 1908, to Poznań). After Bydgoszcz returning to Polish territory in 1920, suburban area, including Prinzenthal (today's Wilczak and Miedzyń) have been incorporated into the city administrative limits, making Nakielska street almost entirely part of Bydgoszcz. The final part was "acquired" during city border changes in 1954.
By the end of the 19th century, the street was paved, and the first buildings appeared on the eastern section.
The first street modernization after World War II happened only in the 1960s. Bitumen pavement was then applied from the railway viaduct to eastern city limits. In 1973, a roundabout was built over the filled portion of the old Bydgoszcz Canal, at the connection with Grunwaldska street.
Since 1990, few heavy renovations have been carried out on this thoroughfare, despite many projects and programs.
Naming Through history, the street bore the following names:
1860s–1920, Nakelerstraße,Plan der Stadt Bromberg, 1914 as the path to Nakło nad Notecią (). Part of the city of Prinzenthal; 1920–1939, Ulica Nakielska,Plan Miasta Bydgoszczy, 1933 part of Bydgoszcz city territory; 1939–1945, Ludendorffstraße,Stadtplan Bromberg, 1941 from Erich Ludendorff; Since 1945, Ulica Nakielska (Nakielsak Street).
Current namesake refers to the city of Nakło nad Notecią, 30 km west of Bydgoszcz.
Communication means The first tramway line on Nakielska street was built in 1901, for the extension westward of third electric line, line "C" White, launched in 1900 from Theatre Square. Tram tracks were laid from Theatre Square to the crossing between Nakielska street and Czerwonego Krzyża street. In 1950, track lanes have been extended to the railway viaduct.
In addition to the street-car service, a bus line has been working since 1956 along Nakielska street.
The street is one of the heaviest traffic arteries in Bydgoszcz. In 2006, a measurement showed that during peak hours up to 1,100 vehicles were passing every hour. The most crowded section are the Grunwaldska roundabout and the intersection with Widok street.
Main areas and edifices
Original buildings on Nakielska street were created on plots leased from farm owners. Modest one-storey houses from the late 19th century were soon replaced by tenement houses, with similar designs to ones in downtown. In 1927 Polish Red Cross, owner since 1921 of a farm plot, established a residential area connected to Nakielska street. This road, formerly named Jary, was then renamed "Czerwonego Krzyża" (Red Cross street). Most of the buildings have been built along "Nakelerstrasse", during the Prussian period, among which:
The evangelical church of the Divine Mercy, A Protestant and a Catholic school, The villa at 47 (projekt from architect Fritz Weidner), The "Factory of Machine Tools for wood" and the associated Villa Carla Blumwe. During the interwar period, the municipal stadium between the street and the Bydgoszcz Canal was created, allowing sports activities run by the newly established (25 April 1920) club "Gwiazda Bydgoszcz". In 1956, on its premises was inaugurated city's largest swimming pool: in a 4 hectares area were laid, among others, an outdoor swimming pool, children's pools, a solarium, changing rooms and food points. The recreation centre ceased its activity in the 1980s. The first marina on the Bydgoszcz Canal was built in 2009.
In 1961, the municipal Council extended the city boundaries to include in the west, inter alia, Miedzyń and Jary districts, making allowances for a few thousand plots allocated to individual construction. This extension allowed the construction of new schools, retail outlets and churches, such as the parish of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Mount Carmel (1980) and Parish Blissful Michael Kozal (1995).
Tenement at 1, corner with Miedza Street 1906
Eclecticism
This tenement was ordered by Rudolf Malchow, a rentier, who had been living previously at 3, which he owned too.
This corner building, now deprived of initial architectural motifs, still displays balconies and a modest topping spire.
Park on the Bydgoszcz Canal Registered on the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship Heritage List, Nr.601440, Reg.A/900/1-27, (30 November 2005Załącznik do uchwały Nr XXXIV/601/13 Sejmiku Województwa Kujawsko-Pomorskiego z dnia 20 maja 2013 r
The park is located in the western part of the city just 2 km from the center. It extends on a narrow strip (100–300 m wide), but along a 3 km part of the old Bydgoszcz Canal and Nakielska street, making it the second largest park in Bydgoszcz (47 hectares).
Its creation is associated with the construction of Bydgoszcz Canal, the oldest in Poland, connecting Noteć and Brda rivers, thus being a link in the long waterway between rivers Oder and Vistula.
The Bydgoszcz canal was completed in 1774. On the section of Bydgoszcz, it is characterized by the need to overcome a 22 m high level gap, hence the need to build seven locks. Ernst Conrad Peterson was a channel inspector who came with the idea in 1802 to have the banks of the channel planted with trees to stabilize the unstable sandy soil: black poplars, alders, chestnuts, lindens, elms and beeches. In the days of Duchy of Warsaw (1807–1815) Napoleonic General Wincenty Aksamitowski planted rows of trees, today called "William polars", that are recognized as Polish Natural Monument.
In the second half of the 19th century, the park on the canal became a citywide leisure and entertainment area: the first restaurant with a dance floor and a garden patio - Blumenschleuse ("the flower lock")- was built in 1838. In following years, private entrepreneurs opened there catering facilities and organized attractions: boat rentals, dances, exhibitions, summer theater, ice rink, etc. In this constant foliage and bushes area was unveiled in 1894 a monument to the co-creator of the canal, Franz von Brenckenhoff, in a form of a bust standing between the second and third lock. It was dismantled and moved to Piła in July 1919, after the decision to reintegrate Bydgoszcz to Polish territory. At the same time the Bydgoszcz Canal, was participating actively to the city business: countless rafts floated to the west, and locks were used age by barges, ships and even steamers.
In 1906–1915, a thorough reconstruction of the Bydgoszcz Canal led to excavate a new section (1.63 km long), with two new locks: consequently, the fraction along Nakielska street became abandoned and was used as a recreational area. This portion of the canal was then called "Old Bydgoszcz Canal". Nevertheless, it remained fully operational and was used twice afterwards: first in 1939, for Polish troops and shortly after World War II while one of the main lock was still out of order.
During interwar period, the park along the canal was a hallmark of Bydgoszcz, must-see in the touristic circuit of the city. Marshal Józef Piłsudski planted there a tree during his short stay in 1921.
A general reconstruction with embellishments was carried out in 1936: in the park, there were a dozen of restaurants, cafes, beer gardens, playgrounds for children, as well as tennis courts, and a 9 ha leisure complex founded in 1928 by Sejm member Idzi Świtała. The grounds were a propitious place for birds, with a lush vegetation: for 150 years, it has been considered as housing one of the largest colony of Thrush nightingales in Europe. Some of the oldest trees were seen as natural curiosities such as a 36 m high black poplar with a trunk circumference of 300–500 cm. The park started to become neglected in the 1960s, with the progressive expansion of Bydgoszcz and the unfavorable socio-economic climate: eventually, the old portion of the Canal became filled with rainwater and wastewater from the western part of the city. In 1970, the decision of the municipal council to dry and fill the eastern section of the canal was the last straw: 624 m of canal, together with two locks and a bridge were destroyed to widen the thoroughfare. This resulted in a decrease of the park area by one third, from 74 to 47 hectares, and for the Old Canal to become a dead branch, detached from Mill Island.
In the 1980s the future of the preserved section of the Old Canal came into question: several solutions have been considered, including a complete liquidation of the site. Finally, in the early 1990s, the choice was made to realize an acceptable reconstruction of the locks to clean the channel. A development plan of the Old Bydgoszcz Canal provided for the renovation of hydraulic equipment, the reconstruction of alleys and benches, the construction of playgrounds, and the maintenance of greenery. Three locks were renovated between 1992 and 1995, together with the interdiction of sewage releases, the set up of fountains in the mainstream and the creation of a 4 km long bike path. In 2004, at Nowogrodzka street 3, in a building owned by the High School Nr.3 "Adam Mickiewicz", the Museum of Bydgoszcz Canal was founded.
Max Mellin's Tenement, at 2 1890
Eclecticism
This tenement, initially at Nakeler Straße 92, was commissioned by Max Mellin, a butcher. In 1893, it moved to the hands of Hugo Liptau, a merchand, who opened there a restaurant, Bellevue, and ran it till 1920. In the 1920s, Feliks Hajek became landlord of buildings at 2 and 4.
The tenement is damaged and needs overhaul to boast its neo-classic features. Both buildings (Nr.2 and Nr.4) were located on the bank of the Bydgoszcz Canal until its filling to expand Nakielska and Focha streets in the 1970s.
Tenement at 3 1890
Eclecticism
This tenement, initially at Nakeler Straße 2, had Rudolf Malchow, a rentier, as first landlord. He moved to newly built tenement at 1 in 1906, still owning building at 3.
The tenement displays a typical eclectic architectural facade, with bossages, pediments and corbel table at the top.
Tenement at 4 1904
Eclecticism
The building, originally at Nakeler Straße 91, was associated with abutting Nr.2 for a long time. Built at the end of the 19th century, it since became the property of the landlord of Nr.2, restaurateur Hugo Liptau, till the end of the 1910s.
Though weathered by conditions, the facade still has visible details including: An adorned carriage entrance, crowned by a bear head; A large door entry flanked by pilasters;