Ichnovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Polydnaviridae. Parasitoid wasps serve as hosts, and these wasps are themselves parasitoids of Lepidoptera. There are 21 species in this genus.
Taxonomy The genus Ichnovirus contained 21 species in ICTV version 1999a-2020: The genus Ichnoviriform contains 22 species starting ICTV version 2021 The species Ichnoviriform rostralis, previously known as Tranosema rostrale bracovirus was moved to ichnoviriform from bracoviriform (bracovirus) in 2021. Species Previous name,Virus name AbbreviationIchnoviriform acronyctaeDiadegma acronyctae ichnovirusDaIVIchnoviriform annulipedisHyposoter annulipes ichnovirusHaIVIchnoviriform aprilisCampoletis aprilis ichnovirusCaIVIchnoviriform arjunaeCasinaria arjuna ichnovirusCarIVIchnoviriform benefactorisOlesicampe benefactor ichnovirusObIVIchnoviriform eriboriEriborus terebrans ichnovirusEtIVIchnoviriform exiguaeHyposoter exiguae ichnovirusHeIVIchnoviriform flavicinctaeCampoletis flavicincta ichnovirusCfIVIchnoviriform forcipataeCasinaria forcipata ichnovirusCfoIVIchnoviriform fugitiviHyposoter fugitivus ichnovirusHfIVIchnoviriform fumiferanaeGlypta fumiferanae ichnovirusGfIVIchnoviriform geniculataeOlesicampe geniculatae ichnovirusOgIVIchnoviriform infestaeCasinaria infesta ichnovirusCiIVIchnoviriform interruptiDiadegma interruptum ichnovirusDiIVIchnoviriform lymantriaeHyposoter lymantriae ichnovirusHlIVIchnoviriform montaniEnytus montanus ichnovirusX-2Ichnoviriform pilosuliHyposoter pilosulus ichnovirusHpIVIchnoviriform rivalisHyposoter rivalis ichnovirusHrIVIchnoviriform rostralisTranosema rostrale bracovirusTrBVIchnoviriform sonorenseCampoletis sonorensis ichnovirusCsIVIchnoviriform tenuifemorisSynetaeris tenuifemur ichnovirusStIVIchnoviriform terebrantisDiadegma terebrans ichnovirusDtIV
Structure Viruses in Ichnovirus are enveloped, with prolate ellipsoid and cylindrical geometries. Genomes are circular and segmented, around 6.0-20kb in length.
Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentationIchnovirusProlate ellipsoidEnvelopedCircularSegmented
Life cycle Viral replication is nuclear. DNA-templated transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by nuclear pore export. Parasitoid wasps in the subfamilies Banchinae and Campopleginae serve as hosts, but these wasps are themselves parasites of lepidoptera. The wasp injects one or more eggs into its host along with a quantity of virus. The virus and wasp are in a symbiotic relationship: expression of viral genes prevents the wasp's host's immune system from killing the wasp's injected egg and causes other physiological alterations that ultimately cause the parasitized host to die. Transmission routes are parental.
Genus Host details Tissue tropism Entry details Release details Replication site Assembly site TransmissionIchnovirusParasitoid wasps (Ichneumonidae)Hemocytes; fat bodiesUnknownLysis; buddingNucleusNucleusUnknown
References
External links Viralzone: Ichnovirus ICTV