Euphrosyne Palaiologina () can refer to one of several Byzantine women related to the imperial Palaiologos dynasty:
Euphrosyne Palaiologina, illegitimate daughter of Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos, wife of Nogai Khan Euphrosyne Palaiologina, originally named Jacobine, married a brother of Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos in 1403 Euphrosyne Komnene Doukaina Palaiologina, daughter of the megas stratopedarches John Synadenos and nun Euphrosyne Doukaina Palaiologina, granddaughter of John Synadenos, wife of the protosebastos Constantine Komnenos Palaiologos Raoul Euphrosyne Palaiologina Leontarina, daughter of Demetrios Palaiologos Metochites, wife of Demetrios Laskaris Leontares