The following table compares official EPA ratings for fuel economy (in miles per gallon gasoline equivalent, mpg-e or MPGe, for plug-in electric vehicles) for series production all-electric passenger vehicles rated by the EPA for model years 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2023 versus the model year 2016 vehicles that were rated the most efficient by the EPA with plug-in hybrid drivetrains (Chevrolet Volt second generation), gasoline-electric hybrid drivetrains (Toyota Prius Eco - fourth generation), Excludes all-electric vehicles. Click on the tab "Top Fuel Sippers (EPA Ratings, All Years)" - The 2016 Volt has a combined fuel economy of 77 mpg-e. The BMW i3 REx has a combined fuel economy of 88 mpg-e, and ranks as the most efficient EPA-certified current year vehicle with a gasoline engine. The average 2016 vehicle gets 25 mpg. See the tab "Cars excl. EVs" – The Prius c is the most fuel efficient in the compact class and the conventional Prius is the most fuel efficient in the midsize class, and both rank ahead of the most fuel efficient in any other clars. and the average new vehicle for that model year, which has a fuel economy of . See pp. 27–28 for all-electric vehicles and pp. 30–31 for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. The average 2016 vehicle gets 25 mpg
EPA rating data are taken from manufacturer testing of their own vehicles using a series of tests specified by federal law. Manufacturers usually conduct the tests using pre-production prototypes. Manufacturers report the results to EPA. The EPA then reviews the results and selects about 15%–20% of them to confirm through their own tests at the National Vehicles and Fuel Emissions Laboratory.
Real-world EV efficiency can also be expressed in miles per kilowatt-hour (mi/kWh), which converts EPA MPGe values into direct electrical energy consumption, allowing cross-comparison between electric and gasoline vehicles.CarLeaseTips, “EV Efficiency Converter — MPGe to mi/kWh and cost-per-mile methodology”, https://carleasetips.com/ev-efficiency-converter/
Comparison of top fuel efficient battery-electric vehicles versus most efficient fossil fuel vehicles (including hybrid-electric vehicles)(Fuel economy as displayed in the Monroney label) Vehicle Modelyear EPA rated fuel economy Notes Combined City HighwayToyota Prius HEV202357 mpg57 mpg56 mpg(9)Hyundai Ioniq 6 Long Range RWD w/ 18-inch wheels2023(1)Lucid Air Pure AWD w/ 19-inch wheels2023(1)Tesla Model Y AWD2023(1)Tesla Model 3 Standard Range2020(1)Hyundai Ioniq Electric 2017 (1) (4) BMW i3 (60 A·h) 2014/15/16 (1) (3) (4) (5)Scion iQ EV 2013(1)Tesla Model 3 Long Range AWD 2020 (1)Chevrolet Bolt EV 2017Chevrolet Spark EV 2014/15/16 (1)BMW i3 (94 A·h) 2017 (1)Honda Fit EV 2013/14 (1)Fiat 500e 2013/14/15 (1)Volkswagen e-Golf 2015/16 (1)Nissan Leaf (24 kW-h) 2013/14/15/16(1) (6)Mitsubishi i 2012/13/14/16 (1)Nissan Leaf (30 kW-h) 2016(1) Fiat 500e 2016 (1)Smart electric drive 2013/14/15/16 (1) (7)Kia Soul EV 2015/16 (1)Ford Focus Electric 2012/13/14/15/16 (1)Tesla Model S AWD - 70D 2015/16 (1)Tesla Model S AWD - 85D & 90D 2015/16 (1) (8)Tesla Model S (60 kW·h) 2014/15/16 (1) Tesla Model S AWD - P85D & P90D 2015/16 (1) (8)Tesla Model X AWD – 90D 2016(1)Tesla Model X AWD – P90D 2016(1)Tesla Model S (85 kW·h) 2012/13/14/15 (1)Mercedes-Benz B-Class Electric Drive 2014/15/16 (1)Toyota RAV4 EV 2012/13/14 (1)BYD e6 2012/13/14/15/16 (1)Second gen Chevrolet VoltPlug-in hybrid (PHEV) Electricity only 2016 (1) (2) (9)Volt, Gasoline only 42 mpg 43 mpg 42 mpg Toyota Prius Eco (4th gen) Hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) Gasoline-electric hybrid 2016 56 mpg 58 mpg 53 mpg (2) (10) Ford Fusion AWD A-S6 2.0LGasoline-powered(Average new vehicle)2016 25 mpg 22 mpg 31 mpg (2) (11)Notes: All estimated fuel economy based on annual driving, 45% highway and 55% city (1) Conversion 1 gallon of gasoline=33.7 kW·h. (2) The 2014 i3 REx is classified by EPA as a series plug-in hybrid, while for CARB is a range-extended battery-electric vehicle (BEVx). The i3 REx is the most fuel economic EPA-certified current year vehicle with a gasoline engine with a combined gasoline/electricity rating of 88 mpg-e, but its total range is limited to . (3) The 2014/16 BMW i3 (60 A·h) ranked as the most fuel economic EPA-certified vehicle of all fuel types considered in all years until MY 2016. It was surpassed by the 2017 Hyundai Ioniq Electric in November 2016. Current Model Year excludes all-electric vehicles. (4) The i3 REx has a combined fuel economy in all-electric mode of 117 mpg-e (29 kW·h/100 mi; ). (5) The 2016 model year Leaf correspond to the variant with the 24 kW·h battery pack. (6) Ratings correspond to both convertible and coupe models. (7) Model with 85 kW·h battery pack (8) Most fuel economic plug-in hybrid capable of long distance travel. The 2016 Volt has a rating of 77 mpg-e for combined gasoline/electricity operation. (9) Most fuel economic hybrid electric car. (10) Other 2016 MY cars achieving combined city/hwy include the Honda Accord A-S6 3.5L, Toyota Camry A-S6 3.5L and Toyota RAV4 A-S6 2.5L.
ADAC also carried out consumption measurements.(de) Electricity consumption - electric cars See also
References