This is a list of monarchs (and other royalty and nobility) sorted by nickname.

This list is divided into two parts: Cognomens: Also called cognomina. These are names which are appended before or after the person's name, like the epitheton necessarium, or Roman victory titles. Examples are "William the Conqueror" for William I of England, and "Frederick Barbarossa" for Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor. Sobriquets: Names which have become identified with a particular person, and are recognizable when used instead of the personal name. Some are used only in a particular context: for example, "Grandmother of Europe" for Queen Victoria is generally only used when referring to her family links throughout the royal families of Europe. On the other hand, in some cases the nickname supersedes the personal name, and the individual is referred to by this nickname even in scholarly works: for example, Roman emperor Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus is universally known by his nickname, Caligula.

Notes: Nicknames are listed in each section alphabetically, ignoring articles and prepositions. Non-English words are rendered in italics, and translated where possible. When the name and nickname are rendered in a non-English language, the nickname will be in boldface italics.

Cognomen

A swung dash, or tilde (~), is used to indicate where the personal name occurs in the nickname; thus "~ the Accursed", followed by entries about Sviatopolk, Alexander and Tekle Haymanot, means "Sviatopolk the Accursed", "Alexander the Accursed" and "Tekle Haymanot the Accursed".

A

"~ the Abandoned": John I of Aragon (; also known as John the Hunter or John the Lover of Elegance) "~ the Absolutist/the Absolute-King: Miguel I of Portugal () "~ the Accursed": Sviatopolk I of Kiev () Iskander the Accursed (Middle Persian: Gizistag Aleksandar; more commonly known as Alexander the Great) Tekle Haymanot I of Ethiopia ( irgum tekle hāymānōt) "~ the Adopted": Childebert of Austrasia () "~ (the) Ætheling": Edgar Ætheling of England () "~ the Affable": Charles VIII of France () "~ the African": Scipio the African (Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus).Polybius (2nd cent. BC), Histories, 16.23.5. Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Paton, W.R. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press – via Lacus Curtius. Afonso V of Portugal () Alfonso XIII of Spain () "~ the Aggressor": Indulf of Alba () "~ the Alchemist": John, Margrave of Brandenburg-Kulmbach () "~ Albanian-slayer": Thomas of Epirus (, ) "~ All-fair": Eadwig of England "~ the Apostate": Julian, Roman Emperor () "~ the Arab": Philip I, Roman Emperor ()"Philippus Arabs" in Historia Augusta "The Three Gordians" ch. 29; "Marcus Iulius Philippus Arabs" in Sextus Aurelius Victor, Liber de Caesaribus ch. 28 "~ the Artist-King": Ferdinand II of Portugal () "~ the Asleep": Sebastian of Portugal () "~ the Astrologer": Alfonso X of Castile (; more commonly known as Alfonso the Wise) "~ the Avenger": Alfonso XI of Castile (; also known as Alfonso the Just)

B "~ the Bad": Alexander III of Wallachia (Romanian: Alexandru cel Rău) Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria () Charles II of Navarre ()* Emund of Sweden (; more commonly known as Emund the Old) Mihnea of Wallachia (Romanian: Mihnea cel Rău) Ordoño IV of León () Sigurd Magnusson, pretender of Norway ( or ) William I of Sicily () "~ the Bald": Charles II of France () Baldwin II, Count of Flanders (; )John E. Morby, "The Sobriquets of Medieval European Princes", Canadian Journal of History, 13:1 (1978), p. 8. Idwal ab Anarawd of Gwynedd () Radu II of Wallachia (Church Slavonic: Radu Praznaglava) Constantine III of Scotland (Middle Irish: Causantín in Maol) "~ Barbarossa": Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor () "~ Barefoot" or "~ Bareleg": Magnus III of Norway () "~ Barn-Lock": Magnus III of Sweden () "~ the Bastard": Ebalus, Duke of Aquitaine (, ) Henry II of Castile (; more commonly known as Henry of Trastámara) John I of Portugal (; more commonly known John of Avis, John the Great, or John of Fond Memory) William I of England (; or ; more commonly known as William the Conqueror) "~ the Battler": Alfonso I of Aragon (; also known as Alfonso the Warrior) "~ the Bavarian": Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor () "~ the Bear": Albert the Bear () "~ the Bearded": Baldwin IV, Count of Flanders () Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia () Constans II, Byzantine Emperor () Eberhard I, Duke of Württemberg () Egino IV, Count of Urach () Geoffrey III of Anjou () Henry I, Duke of Silesia () "~ Beauclerk" or "~ Beauclerc" (French, "Good Clerk"): Henry I of England () "~ the Beer Jug": John George I, Elector of Saxony () "~ the Beloved": Louis XV of France ()Joël Cornette, Histoire de la France : Absolutisme et lumières 1652-178320, Hachette Éducation, 2008, p. 121. "~ the Bewitched": Charles II of Spain () "~ the Bibliophile": Manuel II of Portugal (; more commonly known as Manuel the Patriot or Manuel the Unfortunate) "~ the Big Nest": Vsevolod III Yuriyevich of Vladimir (, ) "~ the Black Prince": Edward the Black Prince () "~ the Black": Leszek II the Black () Fulk III of Anjou () Halfdan III of Vestfold () Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (; also called the pious) Henry IX, Duke of Bavaria () Margaret II, Countess of Flanders () "~ the Blessed": Alexander I of Russia () "~ the Blind": Boleslaus III of Bohemia (; also known as Boleslaus the Red) Béla II of Hungary () Magnus IV of Norway () Stefan Branković () Vasily II Vasiliyevich () Bogdan III of Moldavia () John of Bohemia (; ; ) "~ the Blind Earl": Edward de Courtenay, 3rd/11th Earl of Devon "~ the Blond": Selim II of the Ottoman Empire () "~ Bloodaxe": Eric I of Norway () "~ the Bloodthirsty": Ismail of Morocco () "Bloody ~": Mary I of England "~ the Bloody": Nicholas II of Russia () "~ Bluetooth": Harold I of Denmark () "~ the Bold": Boleslaw II of Poland () Charles of Burgundy () Philip II of France () Philip III of France () "~ the Boneless": Ivar Ragnarsson () "~ the Bookish" or "~ the Book-Lover": Coloman of Hungary (; more commonly known as Coloman the Learned) "~ the Boulonnais": Afonso III of Portugal () "~ the Brash": Olof of Denmark "~ the Brave": Afonso IV of Portugal () Boleslaw I of Poland (; also known as Boleslaw the Great) Dan II of Wallachia () John III of Moldavia (Romanian: Ioan Vodă cel Viteaz; more commonly known as John the Terrible) Michael of Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldavia () "~ the Brilliant": George V of Georgia () "~ the Broad-shouldered": Haakon II of Norway () "~ Broom-plant": Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou (; also known as Geoffrey the Fair) "~ the Brown": Donnchadh mac Flainn, High King of Ireland () "~ the Bruce": Robert I of Scotland (Medieval Gaelic: ) "~ Builder": David IV of Georgia () Peter III of Portugal () "~ the Builder King": Leopold II of Belgium (, ) "~ Bulgar-Slayer": Basil II, Byzantine Emperor (, )

C "~ Capet": Hugh Capet () "~ the Cabbage": Ivaylo of Bulgaria (, ) "~ the Capacidónio": Peter III of Portugal (; also known as Peter the Builder) "~ the Cardinal-King": Henry, King of Portugal () "~ the Capuched": Sancho II of Portugal (; also known as Sancho the Hooded or Sancho the Pious) "~ the Catholic": Alfonso I of Asturias () Andrew I of Hungary (; more commonly known as Andrew the White) Ferdinand II of Aragon (, ) Isabella I of Castile () Peter II of Aragon (, ) Frederick I, Duke of Austria () "~ the Caulker": Michael V, Byzantine Emperor (, Michaíl Kalaphátis) "~ the Ceremonious": Peter IV of Aragon (, ) "~ the Chaste": Alfonso II of Aragon (; ; ; also known as Alfonso the Troubador) Alfonso II of Asturias () Bolesław V the Chaste () Henry, King of Portugal () "~ the Chief": Kenneth III of Scotland () "~ the Child" Charles, King of Aquitaine () Henry II, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal () Henry I, Landgrave of Hesse () Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Luneburg () Louis III of East Francia () Louis of Sicily () Nicholas I, Lord of Rostock () "~ the Clement": John VI of Portugal () "~ the Clubfoot": Sverker I of Sweden () "~ Coal-Burner": Anund Jacob of Sweden () "~ the Confessor": Edward the Confessor (of England), also known as Saint Edward "~ the Colonizer": John III of Portugal () "~ the Conqueror": Afonso I of Portugal () Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (; ) James I of Aragon () John V, Duke of Brittany () Mehmed II of The Ottoman Empire (Ottoman Turkish: ) Nicholas I of Russia William I of England (; ) Valdemar II of Denmark () "~ the Constable Prince": John, Constable of Portugal () "~ the Constant": John, Elector of Saxony () "~ Corvinus" (from Latin "like a raven"): Matthias Corvinus of Hungary (; ) "~ the Courteous": William, Duke of Austria () "~ the Crosseyed": Vasili Kosoi, Muscovian usurper (, ) "~ Crouchback": Inge I of Norway () Richard III of England (also known as Crookback) "~ the Cruel": Boleslaus I of Bohemia () Boleslaus II of Poland () Louis XI of France Peter I of Portugal () Peter of Castile () "~ the Crusader": Sigurd I of Norway (; ) Robert II, Count of Flanders () Gaston IV, Viscount of Béarn () Simon V, Lord of Montfort () "~ the Curly" Bolesław IV the Curly () "~ Curthose" (Middle English, "short stockings"): Robert II, Duke of Normandy () "~ Curtmantle" (Middle English, "short cloak"): Henry II of England

D "~ the Damned" or "~ the Accursed": Sviatopolk I of Kiev (, ; , ) "~ the Deacon": Bermudo I of Asturias (; ) "~ the Debonaire": Louis I of France () "~ the Deed-Doer": Edmund I of England "~ the Desired": Ferdinand VII of Spain Louis XVIII of France Sebastian of Portugal () "~ the Determined": Anthony I of Portugal () "~ the Devil": Robert I, Duke of Normandy () Vlad II of Wallachia () Hugh VI, Lord of Lusignan () Robert II, Lord of Bellême () "~ the Diplomat": Charles I of Portugal () "~ Do-Nothing", "~ the Indolent" or "~ the Sluggard": Louis V of France () "~ Dracul" (Romanian, "The Devil" or "The Dragon"): Vlad II of Wallachia () "~ Dracula" (Romanian, "Son of the Devil" or "Son of the Dragon"): Vlad III of Wallachia "~ the Drunkard": Michael III, Byzantine Emperor (, ) Selim II, Ottoman Emperor () Wenceslaus, King of the Romans (; ) "~ the Dung-Named": Constantine V, Byzantine Emperor (, Konstantínos E' Koprónymos)

E "Earth-Shaker ~": Inca Yupanqui (Quechua: Pachakutiq Inka Yupanki) "~ the Ecclesiastic" or "~ the Priest": Martin I of Aragon (; Spanish: "Martín el Eclesiástico" o "el Cura") "~ the Edifier": Peter III of Portugal () "~ the Educator": Maria II of Portugal () "~ the Elbow-High" or "The Ell-High": Władysław I of Poland () "~ the Elder": Eadweard I of England (?) Martin I of Aragon Tarquin I (Latin: Tarquinius Senior) Mircea I of Wallachia () Boso III of Turin "~ the Eloquent": Edward of Portugal () "~ the Emperor-King": Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor "~ the Emperor-Sacristan": Joseph II of Austria "~ of the Empty Pockets": Frederick IV of Austria () "~ the Enabler": Peter III of Portugal "~ the Enemy-Son": Peter I of Portugal () "~ the Enlightened": Charles III of Spain () "~ Epiphanes" (Greek "the manifest"): several Hellenistic kings, including Ptolemy V Epiphanes "~ Euergetes" (Greek "the benefactor"): several Hellenistic kings, including Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy VIII Physcon "~ Eupator" (Greek "of noble father"): Antiochus V () Mithridates VI of Pontus () Ptolemy Eupator "~ the Executioner": Mehmed I of the Ottoman Empire () "~ the Exile": Władysław II the Exile (') Edward the Exile

F "~ the Fair": Charles IV of France () Donald III of Scotland () Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou () Ivan II of Moscow () Leopold II, Margrave of Austria () Louis I of France () Philip IV of France () Philip I of Castile (Philip the Fair, , ) "~ Fairhair": Harald I of Norway () "~ the Fair Sun": Vladimir I of Kiev () "Farmer ~": George III Great Britain "~ the Farmer": Denis of Portugal () "~ The Swift(?): Eystein Halfdansson of Romerike and Vestfold () "~ the Fat": Afonso II of Portugal () Charles III, Holy Roman Emperor () Conan III, Duke of Brittany () Henry I of Cyprus () Henry I of Navarre (; )