The common trees and shrubs of Sri Lanka are a part of the diverse plant wildlife of Sri Lanka.
The following list provides the 704 species of common trees and shrubs of flora of Sri Lanka under 95 families. The list is according to A Field Guide to the Common Trees and Shrubs of Sri Lanka, by Mark Ashton, Savitri Gunatilleke, Neela de Zoysa, M.D. Dassanayake, Nimal Gunatilleke and Siril Wijesundera.
Native species are denoted as (N), Introduced species as (I)
Division: Pteridophyta
Family: Cyatheaceae - Scaly tree ferns
Cyathea crinita - N Cyathea gigantea - N Cyathea hookeri - Endemic Cyathea sinuata - N Cyathea walkerae - N
Division: Cycadophyta
Family: Cycadaceae - Queen Sago
Cycas circinalis - N
Division: Pinophyta
Family: Araucariaceae - Araucarians
Agathis robusta - I Araucaria bidwillii - I Araucaria cookii - I Araucaria cunninghamii - I
Family: Cupressaceae - Cypresses Cupressus macrocarpa - I Cupressus torulosa - I
Family: Pinaceae - Pines Pinus caribaea - I Pinus patula - I
Division: Anthophyta
Subdivision: Monocotyledons
Family: Asparagaceae Dracaena fragrans - I Dracaena reflexa - I
Family: Poaceae‡ - Grasses Bambusa bambos - N Bambusa multiplex - I Bambusa polymorpha - N Bambusa vulgaris - I Davidsea attenuata - Endemic Dendrocalamus giganteus - I Dendrocalamus asper - I Dendrocalamus hamiltonii - I Dendrocalamus longispathus - I Dendrocalamus strictus - I Melocanna baccifera - I Neololeba atra - I Ochlandra stridula - Endemic Pseudoxytenanthera monadelpha - N
Family: Musaceae - Bananas Musa balbisiana - N
Family: Strelitziaceae - Traveller's palm Ravenala madagascariensis - I
Family: Arecaceae - Palm trees Areca catechu - I Borassus flabellifer - I Caryota urens - N Cocos nucifera - I Corypha umbraculifera - N Loxococcus rupicola - Endemic Oncosperma fasciculatum - Endemic Phoenix pusilla - N Roystonea regia - I
Family: Pandanaceae - Screw palms Pandanus amaryllifolius - I Pandanus ceylanicus - Endemic Pandanus kaida - N Pandanus odoratissimus - N Pandanus tectorius - I Pandanus thwaitesii - N
Division: Anthophyta
Subdivision: Magnoliids
Family: Acanthaceae - Acanthus Acanthus ilicifolius - N Avicennia marina - N Avicennia officinalis - N Barleria mysorensis - N Barleria prionitis - N Ecbolium viride - N Justicia adhatoda - N Pseuderanthemum carruthersii - N Pseuderanthemum maculatum - I Rhinacanthus nasutus - N Stenosiphonium cordifolium - N Strobilanthes anceps - Endemic Strobilanthes asperrima - Endemic Strobilanthes calycina - Endemic Strobilanthes helicoides - Endemic Strobilanthes hookeri - Endemic Strobilanthes sexennis - Endemic Strobilanthes trifida - Endemic Strobilanthes vestita - Endemic Strobilanthes viscosa - Endemic Strobilanthes walkeri - Endemic
Family: Annonaceae - Custard apples Alphonsea hortensis - Endemic Alphonsea sclerocarpa - N Alphonsea zeylanica - Endemic Annona cherimola - I Annona glabra - I Annona muricata - I Annona reticulata - I Annona squamosa - I Cananga odorata - I Cyathocalyx zeylanicus - N Desmos zeylanicus - N Goniothalamus gardneri - Endemic Goniothalamus hookeri - Endemic Goniothalamus thwaitesii - N Miliusa indica - N Polyalthia cerasoides - N Polyalthia coffeoides - N Polyalthia korinti - N Polyalthia longifolia - N Xylopia championii - Endemic Xylopia nigricans - Endemic
Family: Magnoliaceae - Magnolias Magnolia champaca - I Magnolia nilagirica - N
Family: Monimiaceae Hortonia angustifolia - Endemic Hortonia floribunda - Endemic
Family: Myristicaceae - Nutmegs Horsfieldia irya - N Horsfieldia iryaghedhi - Endemic Myristica dactyloides - Endemic Myristica fragrans - I
Division: Anthophyta
Subdivision: Dicotyledons
Family: Anacardiaceae - Cashews Anacardium occidentale - I Campnosperma zeylanicum - Endemic Lannea coromandelica - N Mangifera indica - I Mangifera zeylanica - Endemic Nothopegia beddomei - N Semecarpus coriacea - Endemic Semecarpus gardneri - Endemic Semecarpus nigro-viridis - Endemic Semecarpus subpeltata - Endemic Semecarpus walkeri - Endemic Spondias dulcis - I
Family: Anisophylleaceae Anisophyllea cinnamomoides - Endemic
Family: Apocynaceae - Dogbanes Allamanda cathartica - I Alstonia macrophylla - I Alstonia scholaris - N Calotropis gigantea - N Carissa carandas - N Carissa grandiflora - I Carissa spinarum - N Cerbera odollam - N Nerium oleander - I Plumeria obtusa - I Plumeria rubra - I Rauvolfia serpentina - N Rauvolfia verticillata - N (Syn. Rauvolfia densiflora) Tabernaemontana amygdalifolia - N (Syn. Pagiantha dichotoma) Tabernaemontana divaricata - I Thevetia peruviana - I Wrightia angustifolia - Endemic Wrightia antidysenterica - Endemic (Syn. Walidda antidysenterica) Wrightia flavorosea - Probably extinct
Family: Aquifoliaceae - Hollys Ilex walkeri - N
Family: Araliaceae Heptapleurum racemosum - N Heptapleurum stellatum - N
Family: Aristolochiaceae - Birthworts Thottea siliquosa - N
Family: Asteraceae - Composites Tithonia diversifolia - I Vernonia arborea - N
Family: Bignoniaceae - Bignonias Crescentia cujete - I Dolichandrone spathacea - N Jacaranda mimosifolia - I Oroxylum indicum - N Spathodea campanulata - I Stereospermum colais - N Tabebuia rosea - I Tabebuia serratifolia - I Tecoma stans - I
Family: Bixaceae - Achiotes Bixa orellana - N Cochlospermum religiosum - I
Family: Boraginaceae - Forget-me-nots Carmona retusa - N Cordia curassavica - I Cordia dichotoma - N Cordia monoica - N Cordia sinensis - N Cordia subcordata - N Ehretia laevis - N Tournefortia argentea - N
Family: Boraginaceae Canarium zeylanicum - Endemic Commiphora caudata - N
Family: Buxaceae Sarcococca zeylanica - Endemic
Family: Calophyllaceae - Chestnuts Calophyllum bracteatum - Endemic Calophyllum calaba - Endemic Calophyllum inophyllum - N Calophyllum thwaitesii - Endemic Calophyllum walkeri - Endemic Mesua ferrea - Endemic Mesua thwaitesii - Endemic
Family: Cannabaceae Celtis cinnamomea - N Celtis philippensis - N Gironniera parvifolia - Endemic Trema orientalis - N
Family: Capparaceae - Capers Capparis zeylanica - N Crateva religiosa - N
Family: Caricaceae - Papayas Carica papaya - I
Family: Casuarinaceae - Sheoaks Casuarina equisetifolia - I
Family: Celastraceae - Bittersweets Glyptopetalum zeylanicum - N Kokoona zeylanica - Endemic Microtropis wallichiana - N Microtropis zeylanica - Endemic
Family: Centroplacaceae Bhesa ceylanica - Endemic Cassine glauca - Endemic Euonymus walkeri - Endemic Pleurostylia opposite - N
Family: Chloranthaceae Sarcandra glabra - N
Family: Clusiaceae Clusia rosea - I Garcinia echinocarpa - N Garcinia hermonii - Endemic Garcinia mangostana - I Garcinia morella - N Garcinia quaesita - Endemic Garcinia spicata - N Garcinia terpnophylla - Endemic
Family: Combretaceae - white mangroves Anogeissus latifolia - N Lumnitzera racemosa - N Terminalia arjuna - N Terminalia bellirica - N Terminalia catappa - I Terminalia chebula - N
Family: Connaraceae Connarus monocarpus - N
Family: Cornaceae Mastixia arborea - N Mastixia tetrandra - Endemic
Family: Crypteroniaceae Axinandra zeylanica - Endemic
Family: Daphniphyllaceae Daphniphyllum neilgherrense - N
Family: Dichapetalaceae Dichapetalum gelonioides - N
Family: Dilleniaceae Dillenia indica - N Dillenia retusa - Endemic Dillenia suffruticosa - I Dillenia triquetra - Endemic Schumacheria alnifolia - Endemic Schumacheria castaneifolia - Endemic
Family: Dipterocarpaceae - Dipterocarps Dipterocarpus hispidus - Endemic Dipterocarpus zeylanicus - Endemic Hopea jucunda - Endemic Shorea affinis - Endemic Shorea congestiflora - Endemic Shorea cordifolia - Endemic Shorea disticha - Endemic Shorea dyeri - Endemic Shorea gardneri - Endemic Shorea megistophylla - Endemic Shorea oblongifolia - Endemic Shorea stipularis - Endemic Shorea trapezifolia - Endemic Shorea worthingtonii - Endemic Shorea zeylanica - Endemic Stemonoporus acuminatus - Endemic Stemonoporus canaliculatus - Endemic Stemonoporus gardneri - Endemic Vateria copallifera - Endemic Vatica obscura - Endemic
Family: Ebenaceae - Ebonys Diospyros acuminata - Endemic Diospyros ebenum - N Diospyros ferrea - N Diospyros hirsuta - Endemic Diospyros insignis - N Diospyros malabarica - N Diospyros melanoxylon - N Diospyros montana - N Diospyros oocarpa - N Diospyros ovalifolia - N Diospyros racemosa - N Diospyros thwaitesii - Endemic Diospyros walkeri - Endemic
Family: Elaeocarpaceae Elaeocarpus amoenus - Endemic Elaeocarpus ceylanicus - Endemic Elaeocarpus glandulifer - Endemic Elaeocarpus hedyosmus - Endemic Elaeocarpus montanus - Endemic Elaeocarpus serratus - N Elaeocarpus subvillosus - N Elaeocarpus taprobanicus - Endemic
Family: Ericaceae - Heathers Gaultheria leschenaultii - N Rhododendron arboreum - N
Family: Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylum monogynum - N Erythroxylum zeylanicum - Endemic
Family: Euphorbiaceae - Spurges Acalypha hispida - I Acalypha wilkesiana - I Agrostistachys borneensis - Endemic Agrostistachys hookeri - Endemic Aleurites moluccanus - I Blachia umbellata - N Chaetocarpus castanocarpus - N Chaetocarpus coriaceus - Endemic Chaetocarpus ferrugineus - Endemic Codiaeum variegatum - I Croton aromaticus - I Croton tiglium - N Dimorphocalyx glabellus - Endemic Euphorbia antiquorum - N Euphorbia pulcherrima - I Euphorbia tirucalli - I Excoecaria agallocha - N Excoecaria oppositifolia - N Hevea brasiliensis - I Homonoia riparia - N Jatropha curcas - I Macaranga indica - N Macaranga peltata - N Mallotus distans - N Mallotus eriocarpus - Endemic Mallotus fuscescens - Endemic Mallotus philippensis - N Mallotus resinosus - N Mallotus rhamnifolius - N Mallotus tetracoccus - N Mallotus thunbergianus - Endemic Manihot esculenta - I Manihot carthaginensis subsp. glaziovii - I Mischodon zeylanicus - N Paracroton pendulus - N Paracroton zeylanicus - N Podadenia sapida - Endemic Ricinus communis - I Suregada lanceolata - N
Family: Fabaceae - Legumes Abrus precatorius - N Acacia decurrens - I Acacia mangium - I Acacia melanoxylon - I Acacia planifrons - N Adenanthera pavonina - I Albizia lebbeck - I Albizia odoratissima - N Albizia saman - I Archidendron bigeminum - N Archidendron clypearia subsp. subcoriaceum - N Bauhinia tomentosa - N Butea monosperma - N Calliandra guildingii - I Caesalpinia pulcherrima - I Cassia fistula - N Cassia javanica - I Cassia roxburghii - N Crudia zeylanica - E Delonix regia - I Dendrolobium triangulare - N (syn. Desmodium umbellatum Moritz.) Dialium ovoideum - Endemic Dichrostachys cinerea - N Erythrina fusca - N Erythrina variegata - N Falcataria moluccana - I (syn. Albizia falcataria) Flemingia macrophylla - N Flemingia strobilifera - N Gliricidia sepium - I Humboldtia laurifolia - N Leucaena leucocephala - I Millettia pinnata - N Parkinsonia aculeata - I Peltophorum pterocarpum - N Pericopsis mooniana - N Phanera variegata - I Bauhinia racemosa - N (syn. Piliostigma racemosum) Pithecellobium dulce - I Pterocarpus indicus - I Pterocarpus marsupium - N Saraca asoca - N Senna auriculata - N Senna siamea - N Senna spectabilis - N Sesbania grandiflora - I Sophora tomentosa - I Tadehagi triquetrum - I Tamarindus indica - I Vachellia leucophloea - I
Family: Gentianaceae Fagraea ceilanica - N
Family: Goodeniaceae Scaevola taccada - N
Family: Hernandiaceae Gyrocarpus americanus - N
Family: Icacinaceae Apodytes dimidiata - N
Family: Lamiaceae - Sages Callicarpa tomentosa - N Volkameria inermis - N (syn. Clerodendrum inerme) Clerodendrum infortunatum - N Clerodendrum paniculatum - N Rotheca serrata - N (syn. Clerodendrum serratum) Gmelina arborea - I