List of fortifications in Georgia (country)

There are over 100 castles and forts in Georgia, which were constructed between the years 800 and 1700 by various provincial kings. The castles and forts have long been abandoned, but most are still standing, and some are preserved by UNESCO.Rosen, p. 99.Noble & Kohn & Systermans, p. 113.

The earliest castle in Georgia was the Ananuri castle, which was built in the period from 1200–1249. The Ananuri castle consisted of two castles with a big curtain wall surrounding them. It was the seat of the dukes of the Duchy of Aragvi, which was one of multiple feudal dynasties during the period.Rosen, p. 100.

The last castle to be built in Georgia was the Rabati Castle, which was built between 1250 and 1299. The original town was built from 700–800, with the castle being built in the 1260s. From the 1260s to the 1340s, the castle and the surrounding town were the capital cities of the province of Samtskhe-Saatabago, which was ruled by the House of Jaqeli.Noble & Kohn & Systermans, pp. 115–118

The forts of Georgia lie in varying states of ruin. The oldest was built in the 9th century, while some were built as late as the 17th century. While many still stand, most have been heavily damaged by various causes.

Citadel Tbilisi Tbilisi

Castles + Castles in GeorgiaCastle nameLocationTime builtNotesReferenceAnanuriOn the Aragvi river, from Tbilisi1200–1249Rose, p. 101.Rabati CastleAt the town of Akhaltsikhe, Georgia1250–1300 Originally called Lomisa Castle before the Ottoman conquest.Anonymous, p. 91.Noble & Kohn & Systermans, p. 120.

Forts and fortresses + Forts and fortresses in GeorgiaFort nameLocationTime builtNotesReferenceAtskuri Fortress from Borjomi900–999Atskuri (2012)BakhtrioniKakheti region, left bank of the Alazani river1650sKurtsikidze, Shorena and Chikovani, Vakhtang (2002), "Georgia's Pankisi Gorge: An Ethnographic Survey" . Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Working Paper Series, pp. 30–31.BirtvisiTetritsqaro Municipality1038Thomson, Robert W. (1996), Rewriting Caucasian History. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, , p. 289.Gagi Fortressnear the town of MarneuliunknownGori FortressOverlooking the city of Gori1200–1299"Georgia", in Encyclopædia metropolitana; or, Universal dictionary of knowledge, ed. by E. Smedley, Hugh J. Rose and Henry J. Rose (1845), p. 532.GremiKakheti region, from Tbilisi1600–1699Кавказский этнографический сборник – Том 6 – Страница 264 / Изд-во Академии наук СССР, 1976KeseloTusheti region, overlooking the village of Omalo1230sKhertvisi FortressMeskheti region1354MutsoKhevsureti region, right bank of the Andakistskali riverunknownNarikalaTbilisi300–399Agarani FortressNear Kojori, Tbilisialso known as Kojori Fortress, Azeuli Fortress or Kor Ogli FortressRedoubt Kali10 miles north of Poti1807Wood (2007)Surami FortressSurami1170sTmogviLeft bank of the Kura river800–899

References

Citations

Bibliography Anonymous (1223). History of the Five Reigns Noble, John; Kohn, Michael; Systermans, Daniel. (2008). Georgia, Armenia & Azerbaijan. London, UK: Lonely Planet. Rosen, Roger (1999). Georgia: A Sovereign Country of the Caucasus. Hong Kong: Odyssey Publications.

Web sources