San Marino elects on the national level a legislature. The Grand and General Council (Consiglio Grande e Generale) has 60 members, elected for a five-year term by semi-proportional representation with national majority bonus (the winning coalition receives at least 35 seats on 60).
San Marino has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.
The first elections were held in March 1906 after the Arengo held on the same year that established democracy in the country. Between 1926 and 1943, the Sammarinese Fascist Party took power and all other parties were banned. Democracy was restored in 1945.
Since early 2008, there has been an electoral threshold of 3.5%. Since 2016, if none of the coalitions achieves an absolute majority of seats, a runoff between the two largest coalitions is held.
General elections Last election
A parliamentary election was held in San Marino on 9 June 2024.
Election results, 1945–2024 + Summary of Sammarinese elections for the Grand and General Council, 1945–2024 Election Round PSDS PCS PSS PDCS PSIS MLS SR AP SU AN PSD PS UPR C10 RETERFDMLNplRLibera Oth. Turnout 1945 66.0 34.0 57.4 1949 57.7 42.3 67.5 1951 5.6 29.3 22.1 43.0 62.6 1955 4.7 31.6 25.5 38.2 70.1 1959 26.0 13.8 44.3 15.9 85.7 1964 24.1 10.7 46.8 16.2 2.2 84.0 1969 22.8 11.9 44.0 18.0 2.1 1.2 79.5 1974 23.6 13.9 39.6 15.4 1.6 5.9 79.7 1978 25.1 13.8 42.3 11.1 4.2 3.5 79.0 1983 24.4 14.8 42.1 13.9 2.9 1.9 79.7 1988 28.7 11.1 44.1 13.6 1.1 1.4 81.1 1993 18.6 23.7 41.4 7.7 3.4 5.2 80.0 1998 18.6 23.2 40.9 4.2 9.8 3.3 75.3 2001 20.6 24.0 41.1 9.0 3.4 1.9 73.8 2006 32.9 12.1 8.7 2.3 31.8 5.4 6.8 71.8 2008 31.9 11.5 8.6 4.2 32.0 6.3 4.9 0.7 68.5 2012 29.5 6.7 9.1 1.7 14.3 12.1 8.4 6.7 6.3 5.2 63.92016 1st 24.5 9.6 12.1 7.2 7.7 9.3 18.3 11.3 59.7 2nd 42.1 57.9 50.12019 33.4 (NplR) (NplR) 18.2 10.3 6.2 13.1 16.5 2.0 55.72024 34.14 12.19 5.07 11.98 8.47 15.75 12.40 50.73
Local elections Local elections are held every 5 years in all the municipalities, to elect the municipal councils (giunte di castello) and the mayors (capitani di castello). The last elections were held on 29 November 2020. Proportional representation is used to allocate the seats. Voters have up to 2 preference votes.
Referendums Sammarinese citizenry meeting, 1906 1982 Sammarinese citizenship referendum 1996 Sammarinese electoral law referendum 1997 Sammarinese referendum 1999 Sammarinese citizenship referendum 2003 Sammarinese voting system referendum 2005 Sammarinese electoral law referendum 2008 Sammarinese referendum 2011 Sammarinese public property referendum 2013 Sammarinese referendum 2014 Sammarinese referendum 2016 Sammarinese referendum
See also Electoral calendar Electoral system List of political parties in San Marino
External links Adam Carr's Election Archive