Pebas Formation

The Pebas Formation is a lithostratigraphic unit of Miocene age, found in western Amazonia. The formation extends over , including parts of Brazil, Peru, Ecuador and Colombia.Wesselingh et al., 2006 It is interpreted as representing the deposits of a lake ("Lake Pebas") or series of lakes, formed within the foreland basin of the Andes mountain belt. It is known for its abundant fossil ostracods and molluscs and an unusually diverse group of crocodylians.Sala Gismondi et al., 2006

Fossil content Fish Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes ImagesAnostomidae Indeterminate Hydrolycuscf. H. sp. LeporinusL. sp. Pristis P. sp. Potamotrygon P. sp.

Insects Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images Macroteleia M. yaguarum A parasitoid wasp.Sycorax S. peruensis Relatives of moth flies and sand flies.

Mammals Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images Dinomyidae indeterminate A hystricognath rodent. Octodontoidea Indeterminate. A hystricognath rodent.NeoepiblemaRasia, Luciano L.; Candela, Adriana M. (2018-05-19). "Reappraisal of the giant caviomorph rodent Phoberomys burmeisteri (Ameghino, 1886) from the late Miocene of northeastern Argentina, and the phylogeny and diversity of Neoepiblemidae". Historical Biology. 30 (4): 486–495. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1294168. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 90381892.N. sp. A hystricognath rodent. Pebanista P. yacuruna Rio Napo. A nearly complete skull. A platanistid river dolphin. Pseudoprepotherium P. sp. Rio Napo A ground sloth. PotamarchusP. sp A hystricognath rodent.ParapropalaehoplophorusP. sp a glyptodont

Reptiles Taxa Species Locality Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images Caiman C. wannlangstoni Locality IQ26 and IQ114 A well-preserved partial skull. An extinct caiman Gavialoidea Indeterminate. Gnatusuchus G. pebasensis Locality IQ114, IQ116, and IQ125 Upper A nearly complete skull. A clam eating caiman.GryposuchusG. pachakamue Locality IQ101 A gavialid crocodilian. KuttanacaimanK. iquitosensis Locality IQ26 and IQ116 Middle nearly complete skull and mandibles. A small caiman. Chelus C. colombianus Pieces of shell bones and scutes A slightly larger species of mata mata, reaching an estimated shell length of up to a meter. Mourasuchus M. atopus Locality IQ114 Paleosuchus P. sp. Podocnemis P. sp.PurussaurusP. neivensis Locality IQ26 and IQ114 Skull and teeth. A giant caiman.

Correlations

Laventan + Laventan correlations in South America Formation Honda Honda Aisol Cura-Mallín Pisco Ipururo Pebas Capadare Urumaco Inés Paraná Map Basin VSM Honda San Rafael Caldera Pisco Ucayali Amazon Falcón Venezuela Paraná Boreostemma Hapalops Miocochilius Theosodon Xenastrapotherium Mylodontidae Sparassodonta Primates Rodents Birds Terror birds Reptiles megalodon Flora Insects Environments Fluvial Fluvio-deltaic Fluvio-lacustrine Fluvio-deltaic Fluvial Volcanic Yes

Huayquerian + Huayquerian correlations in South America Formation Cerro Azul Ituzaingó Paraná Camacho Raigón Andalhuala Chiquimil Las Flores Maimará Palo Pebas Muyu Rosa Saldungaray Salicas Urumaco Map Basin Colorado Paraná Hualfín Tontal Andes Salta Amazon Huasi Altiplano BA Velasco Falcón Cardiatherium Lagostomus Macroeuphractus Proeuphractus Pronothrotherium Pseudotypotherium Thylacosmilus Xotodon Macraucheniidae Primates Rodents Reptiles Birds Terror birds Flora Environments Aeolian-fluvial Fluvio-deltaic Fluvial Fluvio-lacustrine Fluvial Fluvio-lacustrine Fluvio-deltaic Volcanic Yes

References

Bibliography

Pebas Formation

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