Marine mammals comprise over 130 living and recently extinct species in three taxonomic orders. The Society for Marine Mammalogy, an international scientific society, maintains a list of valid species and subspecies, most recently updated in October 2015. This list follows the Society's taxonomy regarding and subspecies.
Conservation status codes listed follow the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (v. 2014.3; data current at 19 January 2015) and are clickable to link to IUCN Red List species pages.
- extinct - extinct in the wild - critically endangered - endangered - vulnerable - near threatened - least concern - data deficient - not evaluated
Order Cetartiodactyla Footnote on use of Cetartiodactyla
Cetacea
Mysticeti
Balaenidae
North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis North Pacific right whale, Eubalaena japonica Southern right whale, Eubalaena australis Bowhead whale or Greenland right whale, Balaena mysticetus
Balaenopteridae
Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata (ssp. acutorostrata - North Atlantic minke whale , ssp. scammoni - North Pacific minke whale , unnamed ssp. dwarf minke whale ) Antarctic minke whale, Balaenoptera bonaerensis Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis (ssp. borealis - northern sei whale , ssp. schlegellii - southern sei whale ) Bryde's whale, Balaenoptera edeni (ssp. brydei - Bryde's whale , ssp. edeni - Eden's whale ) Omura's whale, Balaenoptera omurai Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus (ssp. musculus - northern blue whale , ssp. brevicauda - pygmy blue whale , ssp. intermedia - southern blue whale , ssp. indica - great Indian blue whale ) Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus (ssp. patachonica pygmy fin whale , ssp. physalus - northern fin whale but Mediterranean Subpopulation , ssp. quoyi - southern fin whale ) Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae (ssp. novaeangliae North Atlantic humpback whale , ssp. kuzira - North Pacific humpback whale , ssp. australis - southern humpback whale but Oceania subpopulation , isolated subpopulation in Arabian Sea )
Neobalaenidae
Pygmy right whale, Caperea marginata
Eschrichtiidae
Gray whale, Eschrichtius robustus
Odontoceti
Physeteridae
Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus
Kogiidae
Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia simus
Ziphiidae
Arnoux's beaked whale, Berardius arnuxii Baird's beaked whale, Berardius bairdii Sato's beaked whale, Berardius minimus Northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus Southern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon planifrons Tropical bottlenose whale, Indopacetus pacificus Sowerby's beaked whale, Mesoplodon bidens Andrews' beaked whale, Mesoplodon bowdoini Hubbs' beaked whale, Mesoplodon carlhubbsi Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris Gervais' beaked whale, Mesoplodon europaeus Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens Gray's beaked whale, Mesoplodon grayi Hector's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hectori Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula Strap-toothed whale, Mesoplodon layardii True's beaked whale, Mesoplodon mirus Perrin's beaked whale, Mesoplodon perrini Pygmy beaked whale, Mesoplodon peruvianus Stejneger's beaked whale, Mesoplodon stejnegeri Spade-toothed whale, Mesoplodon traversii Shepherd's beaked whale, Tasmacetus shepherdi Cuvier's beaked whale, Ziphius cavirostris
Platanistidae
Ganges river dolphin, Platanista gangetica Indus river dolphin, Platanista minor
Iniidae
Amazon river dolphin, Inia geoffrensis (ssp. geoffrensis - common boto , ssp. boliviensis - Bolivian bufeo )
Lipotidae
Baiji, Lipotes vexillifer , possibly
Pontoporiidae
La Plata dolphin (Franciscana), Pontoporia blainvillei
Monodontidae
Beluga, Delphinapterus leucas (Cook Inlet Subpopulation ) Narwhal, Monodon monoceros
Delphinidae
Dusky dolphin, Aethalodelphis obscurus (ssp. fitzroyi - Fitzroy's dolphin , ssp. obscurus - African dusky dolphin , ssp. posidonia - Chilean dusky dolphin , unnamed spp. - New Zealand dusky dolphin ) Pacific white-sided dolphin, Aethalodelphis obliquidens Peale's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus australis Commerson's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus commersonii (ssp. commersonii - Commerson's dolphin , ssp. kerguelenensis - Kerguelen Islands Commerson's dolphin ) Hourglass dolphin, Cephalorhynchus cruciger Chilean dolphin, Cephalorhynchus eutropia Heaviside's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus heavisidii Hector's dolphin, Cephalorhynchus hectori (ssp. hectori - South Island Hector's dolphin , ssp. maui - Maui's dolphin or North Island Hector's dolphin ) Long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis (ssp. capensis - long-beaked common dolphin , ssp. tropicalis - Indo-Pacific common dolphin ) Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis (ssp. delphis - short-beaked common dolphin Mediterranean Subpopulation , ssp. ponticus - Black Sea common dolphin ) Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus Long-finned pilot whale, Globicephala melas (ssp. edwardii - southern long-finned pilot whale , ssp. melas - North Atlantic long-finned pilot whale , unnamed spp. - North Pacific long-finned pilot whale ) Risso's dolphin, Grampus griseus Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei White-beaked dolphin, Lagenorhynchus albirostris Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Leucopleurus acutus Northern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis borealis Southern right whale dolphin, Lissodelphis peronii Irrawaddy dolphin, Orcaella brevirostris Australian snubfin dolphin, Orcaella heinsohni Orca (killer whale), Orcinus orca (unnamed ssp. - resident killer whale , unnamed ssp. transient killer whale ) Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens Atlantic humpback dolphin, Sousa teuszii Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin, Sousa chinensis , (ssp. chinensis - Chinese humpback dolphin , ssp. taiwanensis - Taiwanese humpback dolphins ) Indian Ocean humpback dolphin, Sousa plumbea Australian humpback dolphin, Sousa sahulensis Tucuxi, Sotalia fluvialis Guiana dolphin (Costero), Sotalia guianensis Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata (ssp. attenuata - Offshore pantropical spotted dolphin , ssp. graffmani - Coastal pantropical spotted dolphin ) Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris (ssp. centroamericana - Central American spinner dolphin , ssp. longirostris - Gray's spinner dolphin , ssp. orientalis - Eastern spinner dolphin , ssp. roseiventris - dwarf spinner dolphin ) Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops aduncus Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (ssp. truncatus - Atlantic bottlenose dolphin Fiordland subpopulation and Mediterranean subpopulation , ssp. gillii - Pacific bottlenose dolphin, ssp. poncticus - Black Sea bottlenose dolphin ) Burrunan dolphin, Tursiops australis
Phocoenidae
Indo-Pacific finless porpoise, Neophocaena phocaenoides Narrow-ridged finless porpoise, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis , (spp. asiaeorientalis - Yangtze finless porpoise , ssp. sumameri - East Asian finless porpoise (sunameri) ) Spectacled porpoise, Phocoena dioptrica Harbour porpoise, Phocoena phocoena (Baltic Sea subpopoulation ) (ssp. phocoena - Atlantic harbour porpoise , ssp. vomerina - Eastern Pacific harbour porpoise , ssp. relicta - Black Sea harbour porpoise , unnamed ssp. Western Pacific harbour porpoise ) Vaquita, Phocoena sinus Burmeister's porpoise, Phocoena spinipinnis Dall's porpoise, Phocoenoides dalli (ssp. dalli - Dalli-type Dall's porpoise , ssp. truei - Truei-type Dall's porpoise)
Order Sirenia
Trichechidae
Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus (ssp. latirostris - Florida manatee , ssp. manatus - Antillean manatee ) African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis
Dugongidae
Dugong, Dugong dugon Steller's sea cow, Hydrodamalis gigas
Order Carnivora
Pinnipedia
Otariidae
Brown fur seal, Arctocephalus pusillus (ssp. pusillus - Cape fur seal , ssp. doriferus - Australian fur seal ) South American fur seal, Arctophoca australis (ssp. australis - South American fur seal , unnamed ssp. - Peruvian fur seal ) New Zealand fur seal, Arctophoca forsteri Galápagos fur seal, Arctophoca galapagoensis Antarctic fur seal, Arctophoca gazella Juan Fernández fur seal, Arctophoca philippii Guadalupe fur seal, Arctophoca townsendi Subantarctic fur seal, Arctophoca tropicalis Northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus Steller sea lion, Eumetopias jubatus (ssp. jubatus - western Steller sea lion , ssp. monteriensis - Loughlin's Steller sea lion ) Australian sea lion, Neophoca cinerea South American sea lion, Otaria byronia New Zealand sea lion, Phocarctos hookeri California sea lion, Zalophus californianus Japanese sea lion, Zalophus japonicus Galápagos sea lion, Zalophus wollebaeki
Odobenidae
Walrus, Odobenus rosmarus (ssp. divergens - Pacific walrus , ssp. rosmarus - Atlantic walrus )
Phocidae
Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata Bearded seal, Erignathus barbatus (ssp. barbatus - Atlantic bearded seal , ssp. nauticus - Pacific bearded seal ) Grey seal, Halichoerus grypus (ssp. grypus - Western Atlantic grey seal , ssp. macrorhynchus - Eastern Atlantic grey seal ) Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata Leopard seal, Hydrurga leptonyx Weddell seal, Leptonychotes weddellii Crabeater seal, Lobodon carcinophagus Southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina Northern elephant seal, Mirounga angustirostris Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus Hawaiian monk seal, Neomonachus schauinslandi Caribbean monk seal, Neomonachus tropicalis Ross seal, Ommatophoca rossii Harp seal, Pagophilus groenlandicus Harbor seal, Phoca vitulina (ssp. vitulina - Atlantic harbor seal , ssp. mellonae - Ungava harbor seal , ssp. richardii - Pacific harbour seal ) Spotted seal, Phoca largha Ringed seal, Pusa hispida (ssp. hispida - Arctic ringed seal , ssp. botnica - Baltic ringed seal , ssp. ochotensis - Okhotsk ringed seal , ssp. ladogensis - Lake Logoda ringed seal , ssp. saimensis - Saima seal ) Caspian seal, Pusa caspica Baikal seal, Pusa sibirica
Ursidae
Polar bear, Ursus maritimus
Mustelidae
Sea otter, Enhydra lutris (ssp. kenyoni - northern sea otter , ssp. lutris - common sea otter , ssp. nereis - southern sea otter ) Marine otter, Lontra felina Sea mink, Neogale macrodon
See also
List of mammals List of cetaceans Vancouver Coastal Sea wolf, a subspecies of gray wolf that has been described as semiaquatic, and is placed at the top of its marine food web
Footnotes
References