This is a list of wars that began between 1990 and 1999. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity.
Started Ended Name of Conflict Belligerents Victorious party (if applicable) Defeated party (if applicable)1990OngoingDHKP/C insurgency in Turkey Government of Turkey Turkish Armed Forces Turkish Land Forces Turkish Air Force Turkish Naval Forces Turkish Gendarmerie JİTEM Special Forces Command General Directorate of Security Riot Police Police Special Operation Department Ministry of Foreign Affairs National Defense Ministry of the Interior DHKP/C TKP/ML MLKPCommunist Party of Turkey (Workers Voice)
Supported by: (Until 2024)19901995Eelam War II Part of the Sri Lankan Civil War Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam19901991Gulf WarPart of the Arab Cold War19901994Rwandan Civil War Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)199019901990 Mindanao crisisPart of the 1986–90 Philippine coup attempts Philippines Federal Republic of Mindanao19901992Transnistria WarPart of the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the Transnistria conflict/Supported by:19901995Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995)Part of the Tuareg rebellions Niger Mali Ganda KoyMali:Arab Islamic Front of Azawad (FIAA), Popular Movement for the Liberation of Azawad (MPLA),United Movements and Fronts of Azawad (MFUA).Niger:Front for the Liberation of Aïr and Azaouak (FLAA),Front for the Liberation of Tamoust, (FLT), CRA & ORA coalitions (1994–95)199119921991–1992 South Ossetia WarPart of the Georgian–Ossetian conflict, Georgian Civil War, and Dissolution of the Soviet Union (1992) Georgia1981/1988/1991 (disputed)OngoingSomali Civil WarPart of the Conflicts in the Horn of Africa, The Ethiopian-Somali conflict, War against the Islamic State, Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa, and Global War on Terrorism1980s–1991: Somali Democratic Republic SNA (until 1991)
1991–1995:
1995–2006:
TNG ARPCT USC JVA RRA Galmudug Jubaland
UNPOS
2006–2009: Invasion:
Allied armed groups: ARPCT ASWJ
UNPOS
2009–present:
Somali Armed Forces
Non-combat support:
EUTM Somalia
UNTMIS (2025–present) UNSOA (2009–2016) UNSOS (2016–present) Independent regional forces1980s–1991: Armed rebel groups USC SSDF SPM Supported by:
1991–1995: USC SNA Al-Itihaad 1995–2006: SRRC SNA SPM-Harti
Islamic Courts Union
1995–2006:
2006–2009: Invasion:
2006–2009:
2009–present: Al-Qaeda and allies
AQAP AQIM
Hizbul Islam (until 2010; 2012–2013) Alleged state allies:Multiple sources:
Multiple sources:
Quds ForceMultiple sources:
Multiple sources:
Alleged non-state allies: HouthisMultiple sources:
UN sources:
Somali pirates
(since 2015) Somalia Wilayah Allies IS-YP Somali pirates
2009–present:
Somaliland Armed Forces SSB19911991Operation TraíraPart of the Colombian conflict and war on drugs FARC Comando Simón Bolívar199119911991 Iraqi uprisingsPart of the aftermath of the Gulf War Ba'ath Party Iraqi Army Republican Guard Special Republican Guard Popular Army General Security Intelligence Service Special Security
Support: MEKShia and leftist elements of opposition: SCIRI/Badr Brigades Dawa Communist Party Pro-Syrian Ba'athists Army deserters/defectors Kurdish rebels: Peshmerga: KDP PUK IMK CPK Jash deserters/defectors PDKI
Diplomatic Support: Military Support19912002Sierra Leone Civil WarPart of the spillover of the First and Second Liberian Civil Wars19911995Croatian War of Independence Part of the Yugoslav Wars1991–94: Croatia
1994–95: Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina1992–95: Serbian Krajina Republika Srpska19911991Ten-Day WarPart of the Yugoslav Wars199119911991 Soviet coup d'état attemptPart of the Cold War, the Revolutions of 1989,and the dissolution of the Soviet Union Presidency of the Soviet Union
Supreme Soviet Congress of People's Deputies Council of Ministers
Supporting republics: Kazakhstan Kyrgyzstan Ukraine
Russian nationalists Russian liberals Anti-coup and pro-Yeltsin demonstrators and organizations (Democratic Russia) Armenian Revolutionary Federation Popular Front of Azerbaijan Belarusian Popular Front All-National Congress of the Chechen People People's Movement of Ukraine UNA–UNSO Sąjūdis State Committee on the State of Emergency Taman Guards Kantemir Division Communist Party KGB Alpha Group Vympel Group
Supporting republics:Ольга Васильева, «Республики во время путча» в сб.статей: «Путч. Хроника тревожных дней». // Издательство «Прогресс», 1991. (in Russian). Accessed 14 June 2009. Archived 17 June 2009. Checheno-Ingushetia Gagauzia Tatarstan Transnistria
Communist Party of the RSFSR Communist Party of Estonia (CPSU) Communist Party of Latvia Communist Party of Lithuania Liberal Democratic PartyA party led by the politician Vladimir Zhirinovsky – Accessed 13 September 2009. Archived 16 September 2009 Pro-coup and anti-Yeltsin demonstrators and organizations19911994Djiboutian Civil War Supported by: FRUD19911993Georgian Civil WarPart of the post-Soviet conflicts, the Wars in the Caucasus, and the Dissolution of the Soviet UnionSupported by:Supported by: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria19922002Algerian Civil WarMinor involvement:Arms trade in practice, Hrw.org, October 2000 Islamic Salvation Front loyalistsMinor involvement: Libya (until 1995) (pre-war) (alleged)Saudi private donors
Armed Islamic Group (from 1993)Minor involvement: (alleged) (alleged)Egyptian Islamic Jihad (until 1995)
Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (from 1998)Minor involvement: Al-Qaeda199219921992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempts Venezuelan Government Venezuelan Armed Forces DGI19921995Bosnian War Part of the Yugoslav WarsUntil October 1992:
October 1992–94:
1994–95:Supported by: (bombing operations, 1995)Until May 1992:
October 1992–94:
May 1992–94: Western BosniaSupported by:
1994–95: Western BosniaSupported by:19921996Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)Part of the Afghan conflict and the Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict (after Dec. 1992) (from late 1994) Khalq (pro Taliban factions, from late 1994) (from early 1996)Supported by: (from late 1994) Northern Alliance Jamiat-e Islami Ittehad-e Islami Mahaz-e Milli Harakat-i Islami Harakat-i-Inqilab Jebh-e Nejat-e Melli Hezb-e Islami Khalis (until mid-1992) Hezb-i Wahdat (until Dec. 1992) Junbish-i Milli (until Jan. 1994; from Aug. 1994) Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (from late 1994) Shura-e Nazar Supported by: (until Jan. 1994; from Aug. 1994) (until Dec. 1992)
Hezb-e Islami Gulbuddin (until late 1994) Khalq (pro Gulbuddin factions, until late 1994)Supported by: (until late 1994)
Hezb-i Wahdat (after Dec. 1992)Supported by: (from Dec. 1992)
Junbish-i Milli (Jan. 1994-Aug. 1994)Supported by: (Jan.-Aug. 1994)
Regional Kandahar Militia Leaders
Afghan Army and Airforce Remnants (allegedly, until October 1992)19921997Tajikistani Civil WarPart of the post-Soviet conflicts and spillover of the Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)/ Popular Front of Tajikistan Communist Party of Tajikistan Socialist Party of Tajikistan /
/ / Supported by: (weapons supplies) UNMOT
United Tajik Opposition Islamic Renaissance Party Tajik Democratic Party Party of People's Unity Rastokhez Popular Movement Lali Badakhshan Afghanistan (until 1996) Jamiat-e Islami (until 1996) Supported by: Inside Al Qaeda: global network of terror, by Rohan Gunaratna, pg. 169 Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan Taliban (alleged, denied by Iran)19921993War in Abkhazia (1992–1993) Part of the Georgian–Abkhazian conflict and the Georgian Civil War Abkhazia Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus Supported by: 19921992East Prigorodny conflictPart of the post-Soviet conflicts and the Wars in the Caucasus North Ossetia Russian Federation Ingush rebels19931994Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994) Republic of the CongoCocoye MilitiaCobra MilitiaNinja Militia199319931993 Russian constitutional crisisPart of the conflicts in the former Soviet Union Presidential forces: Main Administration of Protection Ministry of the Interior Ministry of Defence Kantemir Division Taman Division
Pro-Yeltsin demonstrators and organizations Federalists and anti-communists Parliamentary forces: Congress of People's Deputies Supreme Soviet
Anti-Yeltsin opposition: National Salvation Front Russian National Unity Labour Russia Other opposition forcesSupporters of Alexander Rutskoy, the Supreme Soviet and the Congress of People's Deputies frequently used those flags. The Russian tricolor itself only remained hoisted at the White House building (see video documentary ).19932005Burundian Civil WarPart of the spillovers of the Rwandan genocide, First and Second Congo Wars Armed forces Guardians of the Peace "Abajeunes" Supported by:RPF (Rwanda)
International peacekeepers: AMIB (2003–04) ONUB (from 2004)Ethnic Hutu rebels: CNDD-FDD PALIPEHUTU-FNL FROLINA Hutu militias and youth gangs: Inziraguhemuka Intagoheka "Chicago Bulls" ALiRFDLRMai-MaiSupported by: (until 1996) DR Congo (2000s)
Supported by:RPF (Rwanda)1993OngoingMaoist insurgency in BangladeshPart of Terrorism in Bangladesh PBCP PBCP–J PBCP–LP PBCP–ML New PBCP GMF
PBSP PBSP (CC) PBSP–MBRM
BCP New BCP
Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh Jagrata Muslim Janata Bangladesh1993OngoingInsurgency in Ecuador GCP
PCE-SR
ELA
FARE
CAR (2005–2008)
FARC dissidents (from 2018)19942020Chiapas conflict Paz y Justicia
Sinaloa Cartel Gulf Cartel Jalisco New Generation Cartel
Los Zetas Juárez Cartel Zapatista Army of National Liberation (EZLN)
Popular Revolutionary ArmySupported by: (1999–2013)199419941994 Zapatista UprisingPart of the Chiapas conflictMexican Armed Forces EZLN19922018Insurgency in OgadenPart of the conflicts in the Horn of Africa Supported by: ONLFSupported by:Ethiopia: Crackdown in East Punishes Civilians , Human Rights Watch, July 4, 2007. (alleged by Ethiopia)
al-Itihaad al-Islamiya(1992–97)199419941994 Bophuthatswana crisisPart of the internal resistance to apartheid and the negotiations to end apartheid in South Africa mutineers Afrikaner Volksfront AWB
South African Defence Force19941997Iraqi Kurdish Civil War Part of the Iraqi–Kurdish conflict, Kurdistan Region-PKK conflict and the Iraqi no-fly zones conflict PUK PKK SCIRIKCPIraqi National CongressSupported by: (from 1995) Syria (1996) KDPSupported by: Iraq (from 1995) (from 1997) (before 1995)19941994Yemeni Civil War (1994) Islamic Jihad in Yemen Democratic Republic of Yemen19941996First Chechen War Part of the Chechen–Russianconflict, the Russo-Caucasian conflict, the Wars in the Caucasus and post-Soviet conflicts Chechen Mujahideen Loyalist19982002Caprivi conflict Caprivi Liberation Army19951995Cenepa WarArmament support by: Argentina ChileDiplomatic support by: United States19952002Eelam War IIIPart of the Sri Lankan Civil War Military of Sri Lanka Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam19952018Second Afar Insurgency Part of the Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict199519951995 Sudanese-Ugandan border conflict19951995Hanish Islands conflictPart of the conflicts in the Horn of Africa19961999Arab-Masalit conflictArab tribesMasalit tribes19962006Nepalese Civil War Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) People's Liberation Army, Nepal Supported by: Communist Party of India (Maoist) Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist) Kingdom of Nepal Nepalese Armed Forces Royal Nepali Army Nepal Police Armed Police Force Supported by: (from 2004)19962001Afghan Civil War (1996–2001) Part of the Afghan conflict
Islamic Uzbek Movement 19961997First Congo WarPart of the Congolese Civil Wars, aftermath of the Rwandan genocide, spillovers of the Burundian Civil War, the Second Sudanese Civil War and the Angolan Civil War AFDL SPLASupported by: (covertly)
Mai-MaiFAZ White Legion Ex-FAR/ALiR Interahamwe CNDD-FDD UNITA ADF FLNCSupported by: (denied)
Mai-Mai1996OngoingADF insurgencyPart of the Kivu conflictArmed Forces (FARDC) MONUSCO