The Khorezm People's Soviet Republic was the state created as the successor to the Khanate of Khiva in February 1920, when the Khan abdicated in response to pressure. It was officially declared by the First Khorezm Kurultay (Assembly) on 26 April 1920. On 20 October 1923, it was transformed into the Khorezm Socialist Soviet Republic..
On 27 October 1924 the Khorezm SSR was divided between the Uzbek and Turkmen SSRs and the Karakalpak Autonomous Oblast as part of the delimitation of Central Asia according to nationalities.Погорельский И.В. История Хивинской революции и Хорезмской народной советской республики 1917–1924 гг., Ленинград: Изд-во ЛГУ, 1984 The history of this short-lived republic remains murky and the way its government functioned is not largely clear. The government officials fervently opposed the delimitation plans of the Khorezmian Republic (which had to be carried out under Stalin’s orders) but in the end they were forced to concede.
Politics
Political leaders
Name Took office Left office Party Notes Chairman of the Revolutionary Committee Mulla Dzhumaniyaz Sultanmuradov 2 February 1920 26 April 1920 Communist Party of Khorezm Chairmen of the Presidium of the Assembly (Kurultoy) of People's Representatives Palvanniyaz Khodja Yusupov 26 April 1920 6 March 1921 Communist Party of Khorezm Dzhabbarbergen Kuchkarov 6 March 1921 15 May 1921 Communist Party of Khorezm Continued as supreme authority to 23 May 1921 Khudaybergen Divanov 15 May 1921 23 May 1921 Communist Party of Khorezm Chairmen of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee Madrakhim Allabergenov 23 May 1921 5 September 1921 Communist Party of Khorezm Mulla Ata-Maksum Madrakhimov 5 September 1921 27 November 1921 Communist Party of Khorezm Yangibay Muradov 27 November 1921 23 July 1922 Communist Party of Khorezm Abdulla Khodzhayev "Khadzhi Baba" 23 July 1922 20 October 1922 Communist Party of Khorezm 1st term Atadzhan Safayev 20 October 1922 26 March 1923 Communist Party of Khorezm Abdulla Khodzhayev "Khadzhi Baba" March 1923 20 October 1923 Communist Party of Khorezm 2nd term Karim Safayev 20 October 1923 26 March 1924 Communist Party of Khorezm Mukhamed Abdusalyamov 17 January 1924 19 February 1924 Communist Party of Khorezm Sultan-Kary Dzhumaniyazov 26 March 1924 17 September 1924 Communist Party of Khorezm 1st term Nedirbay Aytakov 17 September 1924 27 October 1924 Communist Party of Khorezm Sultan-Kary Dzhumaniyazov October 1924 23 November 1924 Communist Party of Khorezm 2nd term
Geography The Khorezm People's National Republic bordered on the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic to the north and to the south, and on the Bukharan People's Soviet Republic to the east. Its western border was a rough continuation of the western coast of Aral Sea, bordering on what was then the Kirghiz ASSR (today's western Kazakhstan). It had an area of and a population of more than 600,000 people, mainly Uzbeks (62.5%), Turkmens (28.6%), Kazakhs (3.5%), and Karakalpaks (3.0%). Its capital was Khiva.Khorezm People's Soviet Republic: Big Soviet Encyclopedia on-line edition.
See also Khwarazm Khanate of Khiva Bukharan People's Soviet Republic
References
External links
History of the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic: The first Khorezm Kurultay History of the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic: Djunaid Khan's revolt