This list of mammals of Oregon includes all wild mammal species living in or recently extirpated from the U.S. state of Oregon or its coastal shores. This list includes all species from the lists published by the American Society of Mammalogists or found in the comprehensive text Land Mammals of Oregon published in 1998. Rare instances where these lists disagree are noted. Species are grouped by order and then listed in sortable tables by family. Subspecies present in the region are discussed in the notes. The IUCN Red List status for each species is presented. Images presented are from Oregon or adjacent states, as possible. Species found only in captivity are not listed.
Oregon mammals by order Table has not been updated for threatened species, thus all are listed "n/a". OrderMembersSpeciesThreatened species Artiodactyla Even-toed ungulates 7 n/a Carnivora Carnivorans 24 n/a Cetacea Whales, dolphins and porpoises 6 n/a Chiroptera Bats 15 n/a Didelphimorphia Common opossums 1 n/a Lagomorpha Hares, rabbits and pikas 8 n/a Rodentia Rodents 63 n/a Soricomorpha Shrews, moles and solenodons 15 n/a Total 139 n/a
Conservation statuses
Species are classified in nine groups, set through criteria such as rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, degree of population and distribution fragmentation. The tables below reclassified results before 1994 to reflect the current rating system. Low vulnerabilityThreatenedExtinctInsufficient dataLeast concernNear threatenedVulnerableEndangeredCritically endangeredExtinct in the wildExtinctData deficientNot evaluated
Terrestrial mammals
Carnivora
Carnivora ( or ; from Latin carō (stem carn-) "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") is one of the most diverse of the mammalian orders. The gray wolf has recolonized Oregon especially in the northeast and is included in the list below. The grizzly bear was extirpated from the state in approximately 1940. Since it is included in Land Mammals of Oregon, it is included in the list below.
Common nameScientific nameauthorityFamilyDistribution and notesRed List Coyote Canis latrans(Say, 1823) Canidae Intermediate size between foxes and wolf; albinos have been documented in state; two of nineteen geographic races are known in the state. 7Gray wolfCanis lupus(Linnaeus, 1758) Canidae Resettled in the state. Gray wolves in Oregon represent northwestern wolves (Canis lupus occidentalis) which migrated from neighboring Idaho; as of the end of 2013, there were a minimum 64 individuals with 4 breeding pairs. Protected under the state Endangered Species Act and under the federal ESA west of highways. The first confirmed wolf in the state since 1947 was OR-7 (pictured), also known as Journey.7 Gray fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus(Schreber, 1775) Canidae Found throughout the state; grizzle gray coloring; tail has black stripe on dorsal aspect; nocturnal and crepuscular; tree climber for resting, foraging or escape from predators (unique among North American canids) 7 Kit fox Vulpes macrotis(Merriam, 1888) Canidae Southeast region of state; smallest canid in North America; brownish-gray dorsum, lightening through buff to white on abdomen; large ears; tip of tail is black. 7 Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern Red fox Vulpes vulpes(Linnaeus, 1758) Canidae Found throughout state; red phase individuals are more predominant than silver or crossed; populations increased as wolf populations declined; subspecies Sierra Nevada red fox (Vulpes vulpes necator) observed on Mt Hood and Crater Lake in or after 2010. 7 Black bear Ursus americanus(Pallas, 1780) Ursidae Grizzly bearUrsus arctos(Linnaeus, 1758) UrsidaeExtirpated; historically, they were broadly distributed throughout state except for arid eastern reaches. The last grizzly was killed in Oregon in 1931, according to some authorities. Wolverine Gulo gulo Mustelidae Extirpated; occasional vagrants appear from neighboring states. Pacific marten Martes caurina(Merriam, 1890) Mustelidae American ermine Mustela richardsonii Mustelidae Long-tailed weasel Neogale frenata Mustelidae American mink Neogale vison Mustelidae Fisher Pekania pennanti(Erxleben, 1777) Mustelidae Reintroduced; protected in Oregon. American badger Taxidea taxus Mustelidae More common in sagebrush deserts in eastern Oregon. Sea otter Enhydra lutris Mustelidae Extirpated; the last native sea otter in Oregon was killed in the early 20th century. In 1970 and 1971, 95 sea otters were reintroduced from Amchitka Island, Alaska, to the southern Oregon coast. However, the attempt failed and otters soon disappeared. Occasional sightings are most likely wanderers from neighboring states. North American river otter Lontra canadensis Mustelidae Striped skunk Mephitis mephitis Mephitidae Western spotted skunk Spilogale gracilis Mephitidae Northern fur seal Callorhinus ursinus Otariidae California sea lion Zalophus californianus Otariidae Steller sea lion Eumetopias jubatus Otariidae Harbor seal Phoca vitulina Phocidae Northern elephant seal Mirounga angustirostris Phocidae Ring-tailed catBassariscus astutusProcyonidae Raccoon Procyon lotor Procyonidae Canada lynx Lynx canadensis FelidaeExtirpated; historically ranged through the Willamette Valley, the Cascade range, Steens Mountain, the Stinkingwater Mountains, the Blue Mountains and the Wallowa Mountains. Under federal ESA protection since 2000 with critical habitat areas defined. Occasional sightings keep happening in Northeastern Oregon in high elevation areas7BobcatLynx rufusFelidae Mountain lion Puma concolor Felidae
Chiroptera
Common nameScientific nameauthorityFamilyDistribution and notesRed List Big brown bat Eptesicus fuscus Vespertilionidae Western pipistrelle or canyon bat Pipistrellius hesperus Vespertilionidae Smallest bat in Oregon. 7 Western red bat Lasiurus blossevillii Vespertilionidae Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus Vespertilionidae Townsend's big-eared bat Corynorhinus townsendii Vespertilionidae Spotted bat Euderma maculatum Vespertilionidae Pallid bat Antrozous pallidus Vespertilionidae Typically found in desert regions, semi-arid. 7 Silver-haired bat Lasionycteris noctivagans Vespertilionidae Californian myotis Myotis californicus Vespertilionidae Western small-footed bat Myotis ciliolabrum Vespertilionidae Little brown myotis Myotis lucifugus Vespertilionidae Dark-nosed small-footed myotis Myotis melanorhinus Vespertilionidae Fringed myotis Myotis thysanodes Vespertilionidae Long-legged myotis Myotis volans Vespertilionidae Yuma myotis Myotis yumanensis Vespertilionidae Brazilian/Mexican free-tailed bat Tadarida brasiliensis Molossidae
Rodentia
The North Oregon Coast population of red tree voles (Arborimus longicaudus) are candidates for protection under the Endangered Species Act.
Common nameScientific nameauthorityFamilyDistribution and notesRed List Mountain beaver Aplodontia rufa Aplodontidae North American beaver Castor canadensis Castoridae Common porcupine Erethizon dorsatum Erethizontidae Nutria Myocastor coypus MyocastoridaeIntroduced. Long-tailed vole Microtus longicaudus Cricetidae Montane vole Microtus montanus Cricetidae Creeping vole Microtus oregoni Cricetidae 7 North American water vole Microtus richardsoni Cricetidae 7 Townsend's vole Microtus townsendii Cricetidae 7 Bushy-tailed woodrat Neotoma cinerea Cricetidae 7 Dusky-footed woodrat Neotoma fuscipes Cricetidae 7 Desert woodrat Neotoma lepida Cricetidae 7 Common muskrat Ondatra zibethicus Cricetidae 7 Northern grasshopper mouse Onychomys leucogaster Cricetidae White-footed vole Arborimus albipes Cricetidae Red tree vole Arborimus longicaudus Cricetidae Western red-backed vole Clethrionomys californicus Cricetidae Southern red-backed vole Myodes gapperi Cricetidae Sagebrush vole Lemmiscus curtatus Cricetidae California vole Microtus californicus Cricetidae Gray-tailed vole Microtus canicaudus Cricetidae Brush deermouse Peromyscus boylii Cricetidae Canyon deermouse Peromyscus crinitus Cricetidae Western deermouse Peromyscus sonoriensis Cricetidae Piñon deermouse Peromyscus truei Cricetidae Western heather vole Phenacomys intermedius Cricetidae Western harvest mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis Cricetidae Botta's pocket gopher Thomomys bottae Geomyidae Northern pocket gopher Thomomys talpoides Geomyidae Mazama pocket gopher Thomomys mazama Geomyidae Townsend's pocket gopher Thomomys townsendii Geomyidae Camas pocket gopher Thomomys bulbivorus Geomyidae California kangaroo rat Dipodomys californicus Heteromyidae Yellow-pine chipmunk Tamias amoenus Sciuridae Least chipmunk Tamias minimus Sciuridae North American red squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Sciuridae Belding's ground squirrel Urocitellus beldingi Sciuridae Merriam's ground squirrel Urocitellus canus Sciuridae Columbian ground squirrel Urocitellus columbianus Sciuridae Wyoming ground squirrel Urocitellus elegans Sciuridae Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat Dipodomys microps Heteromyidae Ord's kangaroo rat Dipodomys ordii Heteromyidae Dark kangaroo mouse Microdipodops megacephalus Heteromyidae Little pocket mouse Perognathus longimembris Heteromyidae Great Basin pocket mouse Perognathus parvus Heteromyidae House mouse Mus musculus Muridae Not native Brown rat Rattus norvegicus Muridae Not native Black rat Rattus rattus Muridae Not native Golden-mantled ground squirrel Callospermophilus lateralis Sciuridae Douglas squirrelTamiasciurus douglasiiSciuridae Northern flying squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus Sciuridae Humboldt's flying squirrel Glaucomys oregonensis Sciuridae Yellow-bellied marmot Marmota flaviventris Sciuridae
Artiodactyla
Common nameScientific nameauthorityFamilyDistribution and notesRed List Pronghorn Antilocapra americana Antilocapridae The Oregon pronghorn subspecies (A. a. oregona Bailey) has been described, but taxonomic status may be in question. Found in sagebrush steppe in eastern regions of state. Fastest mammal on the continent: top speeds of 50 mph (80 km/h)(Image taken in Catlow Valley, Oregon) American bison Bison bison Bovidae Historically native to eastern and central Oregon. Extirpated by the early to mid-19th century. Feral herd living in Wallowa Bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis Bovidae Historically native to much of eastern Oregon, but then became extinct in the state until reintroductions, recently to the Mutton Mountains, Cottonwood Canyon State Park and near the John Day Fossil Beds in the 21st century; bighorn sheep now live in herds scattered across eastern Oregon. Mountain goat Oreamnos americanus Bovidae Historically native to the northern Oregon Cascades and the Wallowa and Blue mountains until extinction in the state in the 19th or 20th century; reintroduced to the Wallowa and Elkhorn mountains starting in the 20th century, and recently introduced to Mount Jefferson in 2010 and 2012. Elk Cervus canadensis Cervidae Common throughout state Mule deer Odocoileus hemionus Cervidae Common throughout White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus Cervidae Common throughout Moose Alces alces Cervidae Northeastern reaches, Wallowa County, small population of the subspecies Shiras moose (A. a. shirasi); largest extant species in deer family; herbivorous. 7
Eulipotyphla Common nameScientific nameauthorityFamilyDistribution and notesRed ListBaird's shrewSorex bairdiiSoricidaeEndemic to northwestern Oregon; two subspecies described, see main article page; dwells among conifers.7Marsh shrewSorex bendiriiSoricidaeMasked shrewSorex cinereusSoricidaeDisputed. On ASM list but not in Verts.Merriam's shrewSorex merriamiSoricidaeDusky shrewSorex monticolusSoricidaePacific shrewSorex pacificusSoricidaeAmerican water shrewSorex palustrisSoricidaePreble's shrewSorex prebleiSoricidaeFog shrewSorex sonomaeSoricidaeTrowbridge's shrewSorex trowbridgiiSoricidaeVagrant shrewSorex vagransSoricidaeShrew moleNeurotrichus gibbsiiTalpidaeBroad-footed moleScapanus latimanusTalpidaeCoast moleScapanus orariusTalpidaeTownsend's moleScapanus townsendiiTalpidae
Lagomorpha