Vanadyl perchlorate or vanadyl triperchlorate is a golden yellow coloured liquid or crystalline compound of vanadium, oxygen and perchlorate. The substance consists of molecules covalently bound and is quite volatile; it ignites organic solvents on contact and explodes at temperatures above 80 °C.
Formation Vanadyl perchlorate can be made by reacting vanadium pentoxide with dichlorine heptoxide at 5 °C. It is purified by vacuum distillation and recrystallisation at 21 °C.
A solution of vanadium(V) perchlorate can be made by dissolving vanadium pentoxide in perchloric acid.
The reaction of vanadium pentoxide and dichlorine hexoxide could produce VO(ClO4)3:
2 V2O5 + 12 Cl2O6 → 4 VO(ClO4)3 + 12 ClO2 + 3 O2
Reactions It can react with vanadium oxychloride to form another vanadium perchlorate (VO2ClO4): 4 VO(ClO4)3 + 2 VOCl3 → 6 VO2ClO4 + 6 ClO2 + 3 Cl2 + 3 O2
Related compounds Other perchlorates include pervanadyl perchlorate, also known as dioxovanadium perchlorate, which contains VO2+ ions, vanadyl diperchlorate, oxovanadium perchlorate or vanadium(IV) perchlorate, and VO(ClO4)2, which dissolves in water. Vanadic perchlorate, also known as vanadium(III) perchlorate solution in water, is a green-tinged blue colour, significantly different to most other V(III) solutions, which are complexed.
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