Sir Ronald Ferguson Thomson (26 June 1830 – 15 November 1888) was a British diplomat.

Thomson spent his entire professional life working for the British Foreign Office in Tehran.James G. Allen, ' Sir Ronald Thomson and British policy towards Persia in 1879', Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society (Volume 22, Issue 4, 1935) He was appointed Secretary of Legation (third class) on 7 September 1848 and was promoted on 5 January 1852 to attaché. In 1879 he succeeded his elder brother William Taylour Thomson in the office of Envoy Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotentiary to Persia.James G. Allen, ' Sir Ronald Thomson and British policy towards Persia in 1879', Journal of the Royal Central Asian Society (Volume 22, Issue 4, 1935) During his tenure, the Sheikh Ubeydullah uprising took place. In June 1879 he was invested as a Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George,The Edinburgh Evening News (19 August 1884) later being promoted to Knight Grand Cross.The Knights of England (Genealogical Publishing Com), 341. Ronald Thomson retired in 1887. He was a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society and was buried in the Crystal Palace District Cemetery.

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