In military terms, 126th Division or 126th Infantry Division may refer to:
126th Division (People's Republic of China) 126th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht), Germany 126th Division (Imperial Japanese Army) 126th Guards Rifle Division, Soviet Union 126th Machine Gun Artillery Division, Russia/Soviet Union 126th Rifle Division, Soviet Union
See also List of military divisions by number 126th Brigade (disambiguation) 126th Regiment (disambiguation) 126th Squadron (disambiguation) 126th (disambiguation)